helping children cope with divorce - Page 2

Understanding Grief in Divorce.
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Understanding Grief in Divorce – TDM Expert Interviews

Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT
Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT
Co-Founder
Divorceworkshop

Introducing the latest transcript blog featuring an insightful interview with Karen Omand, a grief expert who specialises in helping individuals navigate the emotional complexities of divorce. In this heartfelt conversation, Karen shares her profound understanding of grief and how it can manifest before, during, and after a marriage ends.

Join us as we explore Karen’s expert perspective on the stages of grief, its unique challenges in the context of divorce, and how to move forward with compassion and resilience.

Read on for the full transcript of our interview, “Understanding Grief in Divorce.”

 

[Music]

Hello everybody, thank you so much for joining us once again on The Divorce Magazine which is very much a magazine, an online magazine for people going through divorce. If you haven’t seen us yet try us on YouTube, we’ve got a LinkedIn page as well, we’ve got Pinterest, we’ve got um, Twitter which is well, X which is to be Twitter, so you can find us on there and loads of articles on our website, The Divorce Magazine.co.uk um, so go on there see what you can find. We’ve got everything divorce, whether it’s legal, whether it’s um, psychological, whether you’re looking for counselling, family mediation, we have all of that on the divorcemagazine.co.uk.

One of the things I like to say about the magazine is that um, the articles that you find on there are all written by professionals. So we don’t have bloggers who write for us, it’s all professionals, qualified people who write except for those who write from an angle where there’s their own experience of divorce and how they managed it or um, separation. So do join us and see what you can find then hopefully, not hopefully, I think you will find that it’s quite helpful um, as it is you’ll find something there, if not let us know and then we will add something on there for you.

So my name is Dr Soila Sindiyo, I’m the Founding Editor of The Divorce Magazine and um, today we have Karen Omand who’s um, actually from Canada, so we have people from all over and on The Divorce Magazine, and Karen holds um, degrees in sociology and thanatology, she’ll tell us what that is in a moment, and she has lived experience of living through um, an abusive marriage and uh, subsequently a very high conflict divorce.

Focussing on the often overlooked realm of grief and divorce she co-founded The Divorce Workshop in 2021s with her colleague Kirk Mosna where, where they’re aiming to empower those on the divorce journey. As a certified grief counsellor, and divorce specialist, Karen advocates for greater awareness of grief in divorce, aiding both recovery and pre-decision Detachment. She’s the co-author of The Divorce Workbook which will be coming out this Autumn, so look out for it and um, at the end of the interview, Karen will tell us where, you can find the Divorce Workbook once it’s out. So welcome Karen!

Oh thank you for having me on, it’s a pleasure. Um, thank and thank you so much I have to say that we do have an article by Karen on, on our website so if you want to see and you know there’ll be contact, her contact … although we’ll talk about them at the end also.

What is a Thanatologist?

So one of the first questions I’d like to ask you Karen, is what is a Thanatologist? I hope I’m saying it correctly! You are it’s, it’s I think in every podcast, I get asked that question because it’s such a rare, it’s a rare degree I think, uh, it’s the only one in Canada was at the school I went to. It’s a four-year degree um, it’s the study of grief and loss and bereavement, wow, of all different types like non-death loss, suicide, ethics, like it’s interdisciplinary so um, but my whole focus is, we’re trained to look at the world through grief, and so that’s kind of what led, I’ve worked, I’ve worked for um, a lot of years with death loss, but I noticed there’s not a lot of awareness in the divorce field about grief, and how much grief there actually can be, so that’s than Thanatology. It is a, it’s a specific, niche area but um, well needed and I don’t think it’s very recognised um, in the field of divorce as much, so I’d like to you know, as we open up and talk about that I’ll share some of my insights anyways.

Yeah, and I think you’re right because when you talk about grief, the first thing that most people think of the first thought that crosses your mind is death um, in terms of physical death, losing someone that you love, but when we talk about divorce, I’ve noticed and I realised that people will talk about an ending, but there’s more to divorce than just an ending and I’m sure this is what we’re going to talk about.

The death of a relationship: what are the common factors?

So if we start off by talking about just the death of a relationship, I’m sure every relationship has an ending and it’s different for, not every relationship has an ending, every divorce has an ending. I would imagine that it’s different for different people. But maybe there’s some common factors? Yeah, so in my field of grief when I look through the lenses and I’ve worked with people, there’s about four things that are common. Now granted, all grief is unique, right? How you, you know, how we divorce is unique, how we grieve is unique, but certain things I see that’s pretty common, one is that um, they don’t even know that they’re actually maybe grieving. So, they’ve come to me and they’ll, they’ll talk to me and I’ll be like do you know that I think this is grief?

Another thing I noticed is not many people, for death loss and non-death loss, actually know what the symptoms of grief are. Some of them may have headaches, or digestive problems, or cognitive problems right? Maybe they can’t process, or make decisions, and we know divorce is huge of decisions making at the beginning. So there’s a lot of symptoms of grief that they don’t even know and I have to make awareness of that, like we have a sheet in the in the workbook where I say, take a look at this checklist and that awareness can help them go oh, pardon me, go oh maybe I’m actually grieving as well, right? It’s not just anger, and blaming, maybe there’s some major components of grief in my, in my divorce here.

And the third one I noticed when I’ve done support groups is, I’ve brought up the feelings of failure and they generally in the recovery part uh, a lot of people I’ve worked with feel like they’ve failed. And I think that’s society right? We didn’t do the, we didn’t live up to our vows. Society doesn’t like failure, you know we don’t like any bad grades, and um, so that comes up with a lot of divorce.

The last one I want to mention is the post-divorce grief. So, if you’ve been in a difficult, bully type of marriage, and you get out of that marriage, you’ll have to do some processing, the fact that you have to accept that who you were married to. And that is a component of grief as well, and that is for myself as well.

What you, what do you mean? Just, okay so, after you leave a toxic marriage, like you’ve, you’ve left an abusive marriage, as you go through the years and like for me it’s seven years, I’ve had to process the, the grief I felt. I’ve grieved the fact that I was in that marriage for that amount of time and so I’ve had to accept that reality and accept it that, yes I was with this person for 5, 10, 15, 20 years, and it was not a good marriage. And so I felt and I’ve, and others have said to me that they have felt grief about that. Does that make sense to you?

Is it, is it, when, when, when you say that is it because you made the choice that somebody Grieves about, I put myself in this situation and did I put myself in this situation, but I stayed. Yeah stayed and the reality of what that person was, right? And you know, for people that have gone through high conflict, you know, you get out and you’re thinking that’s one step but, there is a grief process of having to accept that, you know, I was in this marriage and, and um, I felt that myself as well.

And does that mean then you just you question your, your choices you question yourself yeah, yeah, yeah and you, you, you do a lot of reflecting right? And, yeah, um, I felt it myself many times, I was like I think I’m, I’m, I grieved the relationship before I left, but over the last like, the last three four years, I’ve had to grieve the fact that I was in this marriage for, this amount of time so, it’s kind of accepting of who I was married to and the choices that I made, but on that you know, we have to practice a lot of self-compassion.

Yeah, I was just thinking if, if somebody came to me and they said that, you know, thinking of themselves a certain way because they chose to marry this person, and stay with this person for a long time, I would, want to, look after them and say you know but you didn’t know, you know, it’s not like you walked in there thinking to yourself I’m walking into this marriage he or she is going, or they are going to be horrible to me but I’m going to go anyway, and I’m going to stay there you know, it’s, then, the not knowing yeah, yeah.

That’s why, for myself and others I’ve worked with you have to practice like you said there’s a lot of self-compassion right, like you have to say, you didn’t know. You know and you tried your best, like a lot of times is, you know you survived you tried your best, and there is just a bit of a component of grief there right.

Do you think that sometimes you have to be ready to leave that relationship?

Can I just ask, do you, do you think that sometimes that you have to be ready to leave a relationship? That if you leave when you’re not ready, you might leave and you might be thinking maybe I could have tried harder, maybe he wasn’t or she wasn’t or they were not that mean to me, so you live with questions, and so if you stay for two years or 3 years, even after you’ve thought I need to leave this relationship and you stay a little bit longer, it’s because you’re, kind of like preparing yourself to leave and you want to be certain that this is what I want to do. You think part of it that um, asks for somebody to, to almost wait until you’re ready and certain?

Yeah, I think a lot of people that go through divorce especially if, if they’ve been swaying a long time, they have to work themselves up to that decision, yeah, um, especially if you have children. For me, uh, personally I was grieving before I left. Okay. For quite some time, yeah, um, even though it was not a good marriage. And, and they say that about the leaver, the person who leaves their marriage, they grieve before they leave and go through, they’re almost like, two or 10 steps ahead of the person that they’re leaving. Is that your experience? Yeah, yeah, that’s my experience as well, but also I just want to mention that they’re, you know, they detach, I think on average is 5 years, but you can also, you can also grieve post-divorce as well.

Right, like I just don’t well like, once you leave, there’s a lot of relief but there can also be moments of, of grief still so, that’s what we call integration of grief where yeah, you’re integrating it more, but I just want to mention that like, I don’t want people to think oh I’ve left and then it’ll never come up again, because, it can for some. And I’ve had people say that even when you’re relieved to have left, that when, when the, I don’t know what you call it in Canada here we call it the decree absolute, when the final decree, yeah, decree absolute, comes through your door and you open it and you see that the marriage has been dissolved this, sometimes it’s like, oh, it’s almost like a moment where you cut yourself. Yeah, yeah, that’s pretty common, yeah, that it’s so I think it’s quite final. Yeah, yeah like it’s like the, the, the, the death of the relationship is final with that decree. Yeah, yeah, I’ve heard that many times as well.

Are the 5 stages of grief (in death) similar to the grief you experience before, during, or after a divorce?

So when, when you just started speaking you were talking about the different stages or you know, what, how, what how the manifestation of grief can present itself in divorce you know in, in post-divorce or in divorce. And, and we know that there’s uh, five stages of grief but you know, when there’s a, death of a loved one, are they similar to, what you go through with um, divorce or are there other stages of grief, or, how would somebody know that oh, I am grieving?

So, I’m just going to, as a Thanatologist um, Kübler-Ross is the, you know she’s the pioneer, one of our pioneers of, grief and loss and palliative is work as well, but Thanatologists don’t use the Five Stages of Grief. We, we use other models, because we don’t think, and I think most people know grief isn’t linear right, I think the five stages is also good, was used and is still used where it’s the brain likes simple things right, so it’s like I’m at this stage, I’m at this stage, I’m at this stage. We don’t use that, we use more if you want a different model is the, uh, Dual Process Model, which is by Stroebe and Schut? Schut? Strut, I think, and it’s more of um, loss orientation here, restorative orientation here, and you ping pang between the both um, so you have, you have your loss, so you’re, you’re grieving here heavy and then all of a sudden your friend invites you out, to go to the movies, and you’re in a bit of restorative and you, so that’s kind of a different model that we use.

That’s just one, that’s one of my favourites, there’s other models so we don’t use the five stages, as I said again, but this, this process of going back and forth is more what I see with divorce and grievers of death loss than, the, the uh, stages of grief.

What are the signs of grieving in a divorce?

What are the signs that somebody is grieving or, you know, in divorce? Um, well that it goes back to the symptoms right, like you can have anger, which could be fear-based, and crying which is the, you know that would be normal, you can be irritable, I find that, behaviourally could be changing. I don’t know if people really know, as I said before if they actually know that they’re grieving right, so other ways overdoing things, like overachieving, or underachieving, or not interested in doing anything. A lot of time grieving they get isolated and they feel down, and that’s okay you know, for a little bit um, sometimes grievers avoid. Right, uh, they tend to avoid a lot and I’m okay with avoiding for a little bit, but in divorce it’s hard to, you know things start piling on, so um, yeah, there’s, there’s um, eating, some people eat too much, and people don’t eat enough.

It can manifest in many ways, the thing about grief too is if it’s, if they’re feeling it, it’s going to come out, right grief, is grief is sneaky that way right, like um, I had a, I had a client uh, recently who started crying at work at a meeting and, she was shocked and, you know she’s like I can’t have this happening and I, you know I said to her you know if, if you don’t get it out somehow, however that is, it can be walking and physically, thinking your way through it because there’s two different, there’s two different types of grieving style that usually generally people sway in between them, it’s intuitive, and instrumental.

And intuitive is when we emote our emotions, and instrumentals when we think our way through and generally people sway between the two. So, for her, you know I told her to kind of lean into that a little bit when she’s feeling it and work through it through journaling, however certain tools for certain different type of grievers um, other ones just want to, you know they want to think their way through it you know, or, or to do things with their grief, that can be, you know, different for everybody. Yeah, yeah.

Is there a timescale when it comes to grieving a divorce?

And, and this might sound like a silly question but I know, one of the things that I struggle with when I’m working with, with um, families or clients where they have had a loss is the question of, but it’s been 18 months you know why are they still, you know, feeling like this so it’s been six months, so it’s been you know, is there, you know what I’m going to ask, is there a time scale, where you would meet somebody and they’re still grieving their divorce six years later, not wanting, is six years too long? Six months? 18 months? You know, what would you say? As a, yeah, like well you’re the psychologist you, you, you know, you know how to work this I personally I, I don’t, within a year or two I don’t, it’s a huge loss for, for some people right, so, and what I look for is baby steps of movement forward right?

What I look for there’s no closure, right, it’s integration is what we call right, so what I like to see is when I’m working with divorce, as well as death loss, is baby steps. And if I see little baby steps, and they’re slowly trying to, but I can tell you I had um, I was doing a grief presentation for a seniors group, and it was, it was a lot of seniors and some of them were widows and widowers, but there was a lady that came on and she’s like I have been divorced for 20 years and you know how angry I am. And that, you know, that I would intervene and say, for 20 years, she was holding on to that, anger and bitterness and you could see on her face right like, that is when intervention needs right, like she needs someone like you, or some grief counselling or, something to help her uh, start rebuilding her life up again so.

I have seen it a few times, um, but generally, the, generally, for most with the right type of support they recover. Yeah, yeah I don’t have a particular timeline um, I like to see little steps. Yeah, yeah, okay yeah, I think that’s fair enough, because you know if somebody just stays static also sometimes, and it continues in that way, I might be tempted to ask what are they gaining from just staying there, what are they um, getting from that because it’s almost like you don’t really want to stay somewhere that’s uncomfortable unless it’s something else is a secondary gain somewhere. But then that depends on how long, you know also.

Whether you have been left or are the leaver, does the reason matter in terms of grief?

Does the reason for the divorce matter in terms of grieving? So two parts to this question there’s a part, the part where the one who’s been left and is grieving, or the leaver who’s leaving because there has been domestic abuse, or there has been, infidelity, you know um, does the reason matter in terms of grief? Yeah I think so, yeah, yeah, I, I think it to me I’ve had it where someone was married to someone for 30 years, didn’t really know exactly what was like, that they were coming like they were coming, going to get divorced had thought they had a lovely family, and they come home and decides to tell this other person that they’re divorcing her, after 30 years.

Difference compared to a couple who’s been who you’ve probably worked with that have tried for years to make this work, and they’re both just exhausted and, it almost feels like the right choice. And I think for grievers, the one that, the, as we said before, the one that was deciding to leave, like I was, I was grieving before, right, and then the one that was left they don’t have a lot of control. So there’s another element of that right, so um, I do find the ones that were, that were left, to sometimes grieve, have harder time, yeah, depending on why right, so cheating, financial abuse, are big ones, yeah, yeah.

And also sometimes it can come as a shock, trauma, like you’re saying with the, the ones who are married for 30 years and then, yeah, you know, it’s like, it’s all over in, in a matter of moments. Yeah and your whole life, kind of like a sudden death, it’s, it’s gone and everything that you’ve built together and that secure base safe haven thing, that attachment system that you had is just, gone and I don’t think there’s a lot of support for those type of people. That’s true, that’s true um, it’s like starting all over again without somebody but then the person, is still present it’s not like they have died, they are still alive.

Do you think that the grief that comes with divorce affects children differently?

Do you think that the grief that comes from a divorce affects children differently, where they’re children than you know, when they’re parents? I was just thinking about that as you know we’re speaking. Yeah, I think, so yeah, uh, I’m also from a divorced family, as a child and any time I transitioned, from my mom who I was very, very attached to, to my dad and his wife, I would cry myself to sleep right, so, um, another thing is, is what parents have to understand is, you know, when you’re co-parenting, this is personal as well as, I want to just tell you guys this, I’m sure you already know this but, when they’re transitioning, you’re going to miss them 50% of the time, because a lot of people have joined custody now right, 50/50.

The child though can be grieving 100% of the time, because once if they’re with their dad, they could be missing their mom, if they’re with their mom, they can be missing their dad. So it’s just kind of awareness of that, yeah, you’re, you’re really missing them, when they’re not with you, just remember that the kids, and myself when I went through it, they’re missing the parents all the time, right, yeah.

Just an awareness thing for, for co-parenting. Yeah, it’s just something I want to um, let people know that children do grieve and I think it, you know depends on as you said the layers of loss, but like you know, one example is like a younger like, three, two, three year old could start peeing their pant, like peeing their bed again or, actually, you know, and I think if I remember correctly age, you know the tweens years are pretty tough for divorce, you know so, um, we have to be mindful of that and I think, sometimes we’re so overwhelmed as a parent when we’re going through divorce, we kind of forget. Yeah, that our kids are grieving as well, about this as well.

Yeah, I think that’s a really good point in terms of um, the children and grieving 100%, you know the transitioning, you know, sometimes they say oh well you have two homes now, you have two Christmases, two birthdays, it’s not really, probably what they would rather have. And probably with what, what you’re saying, maybe encouraging parents to just, read read, read on, the on Children of Divorce, um, even if it’s paying for one session to just have some psycho education around what my children might be going through like you’re saying, the teens and the tweens and the you know, those ones um, who are like 10 to, you know even babies feel it, even babies feel the vacuum that has been left by the other parent not being there and infants.

I think that’s really um, important um, can I just ask how old, if you don’t mind, how old you were when your parents divorced? So I was six months, oh you were six months so when I say babies do, then you know what I’m talking about, yeah, and I never, knew my parents together. Right, so I never had, a mom and dad together, yeah, and back then, so this was the 70s, um, I saw my dad four days a month, okay. Because, yeah, so every other weekend yeah, so I was very, very attached to my mother, yeah, um, that’s just the way it was back then I think, you know, um, it’s gotten a lot better but, with your past?

Yeah like, like with, with shared custody it’s getting better we’re, you know I think there’s still some struggles with that but, yeah I didn’t, I protested, I didn’t want to go, you know and that’s interesting because by the time you were six, from six months, to the time where you became vocal, where you were more, I mean we’re talking about another maybe 12 months before you can just, you know vocalise let’s say for instance or another 6 months, but it’s almost like you, held the knowledge that this is not what I want, although you were just a baby when it, it didn’t, you know how children say oh you people say oh but children are so resilient and um, I usually, usually ask resilient from what? You know they don’t know anything else, what are they bouncing back from? You know.

I think that’s more of a comfort for them, yeah, yeah, than in reality what it is yeah, yeah. I was, I was always pretty, when I met my new stepmother I made it clear at 5, that you’re not my mother. Wow, yeah, yeah, something that that setup you had grown up with it so they wouldn’t you know, they wouldn’t been, someone can assume that oh no this is how she grew up, she doesn’t know any better, and you know, so, yeah, very interesting.

How do you know when a relationship is over?

Yeah, so how do you know when a relationship is over? Someone might be watching this and listening to this and thinking but I’m not sure whether to go or to stay how, how, how does one know that okay this relationship is over? You know, that was like a question I had to really think about because everybody’s so unique as well you know. For me personally I’ll tell you what happened to me was cracks were starting to show up. I would ask my friends certain questions, I would ask my family that were divorced already, I’m like oh so how did that go? Like things were starting, I was, think I was starting to plan things. I went to the library, I was starting to look up things, and then it kind of dawned on me that I started to talk about it more, and I was building up to leaving now I was in a very difficult marriage.

So that’s how I built the courage to leave mine right, I kind of started planning. Um, I’ve had clients where they said they were, they were getting they were going out they were embarrassed of their ex. I’ve had it where they had felt contempt, um, communication breakdown you know, the Gottman is the famous couple in the states they’ve done a lot of good research there, I’m sure they have great podcasts that you guys can listen to but, uh one of the questions, because everybody asked this right how do I know and I, I, I wish there was some golden, assessment right where we could give them and say okay here take this book, take this little checklist, like the DSM5 and check off this, but you, there, there’s nothing like that right.

So one of the things I, one of the things I, I’ve done to a few clients and said okay so, if you were to go home and all their things were packed up at the door, like all of it was packed up, and they were leaving, I want you to write about that. How would you feel about that? And see what comes up right, so see how you feel if you’re, feeling really terrible about it then maybe you guys can work it out or there’s just something smaller going on um, it’s a unique, it’s unique to everybody I don’t have a, yeah, like a, the right answer for everybody.

I actually think that’s a pretty good assessment, oh, do you? Yeah I actually do because then it makes it very, very personal, and somebody might think oh okay I get home, and his bags are packed or, he’s left how am I going to feel. Um, and they might think oh I’m not sure, so that can kind of say well no you’re not sure so maybe things can work out. If somebody’s like oh my god, please let that happen, let it be so then maybe it’s, it’s time to think, if somebody else thinks no I can’t do that because of the children, yeah, I think it’s a pretty good way of assessing the situation, whether to go, yeah and I would like them to write like, I’d like them to if they you know I’m, I’m, I love narrative therapy so it’s like write it down like maybe write reflect on what you’re thinking. Really reflect on it, really reflect on it, yeah, because it’s not, it’s it shouldn’t be a decision taken lightly, you know.

It is a, it is a huge decision I think that’s why people take so long in leaving because if you, if you have kids but I, I’m working with somebody that doesn’t have kids and it’s still been a really tough decision, you know, yeah, because even when they’re no kids it’s still a family, a couple is still a family. They’re a family, and that’s what, the one, the one I, I’ve been working with she’s like but they’re my family, you know, and that hurts right and, and, and it’s painful. Yeah, yeah.

How do you get to the acceptance stage after a divorce?

A lot of the times you’ll he not just in divorce and um, in grief but a lot of the times people say you just have to accept that it’s over, you just have to accept that it’s over which is nice, and it’s great to say that and it’s true, but how do you get to acceptance? That’s a huge step.

Yeah, acceptance in the grief world there’s a couple of things, acceptance of the reality of the loss, and then on the other end is trying to make meaning out of it all. So, acceptance is, so in my field is if you think about it we talked about this already the layers of loss right, so um, think about it this way, so we have, when we’re divorcing, we have intangible losses. Right such as your identity right, and then you have tangible losses, which is like the house, the chattels right, the stuff in your home, the money that’s going out for legal bills, stuff like that and then, so, acceptance of a loss is great we, we all want them to get there, but there’s a lot of loss to get through, right. And to get through all those layers of losses you have to know that you have all these layers of losses, and then you have to accept those layers of losses.

And then we need to start, rebuilding your life so if you think about it as, if you have a house, and you have a foundational crack, and the crack is the divorce, and the acceptance is kind of you’re slowly trying to heal that crack a bit, but then you’re trying to rebuild it with bricks right, your new life, you’re trying to make meaning out of this painful situation. And, once you start doing that, then slowly the acceptance is starting to happen and then you’re rebuilding your life and, and that’s kind of that making meaning bit again, if that makes sense to you? Yeah, yeah, making meaning of your experience, I’m yeah, and, and integrating that into rediscovering who you are again right, like, I’m sure you’ve talked to many people that it’s, you know, working on rediscovering who you were, and who you are now, is part of part of recovering too, so.

But rebuilding, yeah, rebuilding your life up, because that’s what divorce is too, it’s, it is rebuilding, the life that you want or that you, you’ve been given, right because if you’ve been left, and I, the thing is though it’s funny as a Thanatologist people always say well how do I do this, how do I make meaning um, how do I re, and I’m like I, that’s I can suggest things for you, but ultimately it’s up to you what fills you up right, and that takes time as well. Yeah. That’s more in the recovery like section of a divorce, yeah, the recovery can be a long process, and I think what I have heard is, for those, you know earlier on when you were talking about those who will throw themselves into their jobs and into their work so they will just preoccupy themselves, what I’ve noticed is that sometimes, it can come back later to catch up with them, in one form or the other maybe, they just don’t want to have another relationship, or they jump into another relationship quite quickly and um, without having dealt with, everything else that was, you know, that was coming from there and they walk into this one with everything that’s there.

What advice would you give to someone who is putting up a front but internally, stuck in their past relationship?

Let’s say I’m your client, let’s pretend I’m your client and I’ve come to you, and it’s been, three years since my divorce, and I’m still struggling um, I’m going out, I’m seeing people, I’m putting up a front as in, no I’m good it’s okay I know he’s happy, I’m happy and everything, but inside me I’m, struggling. You’re still stuck and I’m yeah, exactly, I’m still stuck. What, what advice would you give me? The thing that I look for most people that are stuck is I want to know what their solid support systems are like because, what type of friends are they doing, are they, so, if you have in, in my cases that I’ve, that I’ve dealt with as well as in death loss and divorce loss is the ones that have, the best support systems, do better.

Okay, so, I’m not talking about just friends, I’m talking about do you have good peer support. Peer support meaning are you talking to other people that have either gone through divorce, or are in, have been with you kind of at the same time of divorce, but they’re good for you right, they’re not making you angry, they’re not making you uh, more sad, so peer support I look for.

I also look for yourself right, so that’s when um, how are they actually? Are they leaning into their feelings? Are they um, distracting like we talked about before avoiding because avoidance and grief, go hand in hand because who wants to be in that much pain and then the other ones is professionals, like maybe they need to see you, right like maybe they need a counsellor, they need therapists to work on their whole life story right, like um, maybe they’re feeling at the core rejected, right um, and then the fourth one is friends and family.

But, but the thing is with friends and family is, and I actually have an exercise in the book about this, is you need to make sure you’re, you’re being supported by the right type of friends and family, right because sometimes you’re not, sometimes you’re not going to be supported if you’re picking the wrong people to support you right. So, so that’s kind of what I look at, for first thing and that’s just kind of the Thanatologist me because I’ve seen it where even with the loss of a child, when I’ve worked with mothers, which I’ve done quite often is, if they have a, this type of support system, which is very difficult loss they tend to um, they’ll always grieve forever but they tend to do better than ones that are not um, well supported. Yeah, if that answers some of that question?

It does, it does and I think um, that part where you’re talking about choosing who’s going to be your support system, who’s going to be there for you because you can have some really well-meaning friends and family um, who are there on your side but, you know um, and consciously or without you know being aware of it they’ll be uh, fanning the flames of your anger, so you then they’ll be like so what has he done now, what has she done now, I would never, you know what, I’ll email him and you know, and all of that I’m not, you I wouldn’t take that if I were you, so that’s kind of like choosing who you know, who’s actually nurturing you.

Right and is that healthy for you? Yeah, yeah, yeah, right, and I also want to say is with the peers, that’s why I said you got to be mindful of the divorce peers because if you have one that’s like, really angry, well you’re going to feed off that right like we all feed off each other right so if they’re really angry and, you know you’re going to start getting angrier and, and so it’s just to be mindful of who you’re spending time with because you want, you want to be able to get validated, but you also need to start, you know, moving forward so um, those are something that, you know that I would look at closely. Yeah.

Finally, Karen could you tell us a little bit about your, your Divorce Workbook we’ve mentioned it just before um, that’s supposed, it’s coming out this Autumn. So, what is it about? where can we get it? Um, just how would it help somebody?

So this is going to be on Amazon, we’ve actually, we actually included um, some UK bits in it too because um, yeah, because divorce is, divorce, divorce right, wherever you go I mean it’s a different cultures everything but um, this Divorce Workbook we, we worked on it for about two years and about, 49 of, it’s 200 pages about 49 of that is self- test and little workouts, that I’ve designed and Kirks designed and um, they’re all to help you engage in the divorce process so um, example one of them is in the financial information is, are you anxious about money? Right, and it’s just a simple exercise, and it’s a great foundational workbook um, for those that are exploring or going through divorce.

It’s not going to replace the lawyer, the mediator, or the counsellor, or the, you know uh, financial people, but it is going to give you a good foundational start, because I don’t really think many people who haven’t been through divorce know exactly what divorce is like and it, it’s based on six units so the first unit is insights right, so, this is kind of some exercises and some tips on what it’s really like and then there’s legal information like, how to keep your legal bills down, how to pick a good lawyer, uh, what does the divorce process kind of look like, and then there’s emotions, which is, you know my favourite unit, unit.

Um, and then there’s a financial information, and then co-parenting, because that’s a big adjustment no who knows how to do that you know right it’s, it’s tough and then there’s recovery which is uh, probably the best easiest unit right, out of all of divorce right, but so yeah, we’ve been working hard we’re super excited and we wanted to do it because we wanted to make it an affordable option. Yeah, so everybody could get it, not just you know because, there’s a lot of great stuff out there but, we want to make it affordable for everybody.

Yeah, yeah, and I think what you’re talking about the different units that you’re talking about it sounds like they go from, they can help while you’re thinking about it and, and wondering about it to just after you have left but there, there are two units there that I think uh, and you put them just both of them right back to back at the end um, one of the big ones is the co-parenting bit which is um, always such a big deal but I’ve had solicitors saying that a lot of the times the financial bit tends to be the one lingering longest, they can reach the co-parenting bit and then the financial bit is the one that lingers longest and can end up costing a lot of money. And deciding on co-parenting when you’re grieving also and you’re full of anger and you’re full of rage and um, you’re not eating well you’re not sleeping well and, and the kids are not, pretty much doing the same as you it can be quite challenging, quite difficult.

You have to almost be the, the best parent, at the worst time of your like, could be, if you’re, you know like you’re super stressed, you’re not sleeping, you’re not eating, you, you could be crying, you know you having to work, you have to do it all, and you’re doing it all on your own now. Yeah, however percentage of the time, yeah, and what I, you know this better than I do but a lot of times you have to learn to repair, right, so if you over speak with your kids or you’re a little bit irritable, you shout or something, you show up as a human and say you know what mommy’s just having a bad day and I’m very sorry and um.

Exactly. The number of times that I say that to parents, and I’m not just saying the ones who are going through divorce but also just when I’m running parenting groups and I just say, if you make a mistake and you know you’ve made a mistake just say sorry, you know just say sorry, it’s not going to, show you as being weak or, you know, but it’s just saying you know what, no you’re right I shouldn’t have said that, really sorry about that, you know. Yeah, um, and also when parents argue in front of the child which can happen and will happen during divorce, almost certainly I would say, and sometimes I have parents who will be, you know oh no we had this this really huge argument before when he came to drop, you know, drop off the children, and I’ll say so were the children there? Yeah they were there, so what have you said to them, oh no, oh no, no nothing we haven’t talked about it.

And exactly, and I’m like well, um, you might want to talk about it because they have not forgotten, you know, it’s not like they, they forget about it just talk to them about it and say I’m really sorry that, you saw what happened or what, you heard what I said to daddy not right, not good, I’m really sorry that I put you through that.

Another thing I want to mention too as a child of divorce too is um, the tension that is felt with no talking, yeah, so transition days, there’s absolutely silence but the tension a child feels it’s like thick and I, and I would think it would be mindful for everybody that’s going through this is, is you may just want to try to act, civil, for the child’s sake so, you don’t need to talk like no tomorrow you just say hello and try to just make it as, as easy, win the Oscar, whatever, you have to do hello, right, win the, just hello, here yes, you know what I mean and it could just help the kids because I felt a lot of anxiety on transition days and it wasn’t like they were always fighting in front of each other it was just the heaviness of it all.

Should separated parents still get each other Father’s Day / Mother’s Day cards?

Yeah, yeah, yeah, um. I have one last question just because we’re talking about um, I want your view on this, I say this to parents but sometimes they’re like you out of your mind I am not doing that I kind of encourage them to, still give Father’s Day cards and Mother’s Day cards and even though you cannot stand your ex, just not for you, it’s from the children. Let’s go get your mum a card, let’s go get your dad a card, you know you pick it and then they write it and they give it, because otherwise would you think, you think. Yeah I think it’s good. Yeah.

My parents never did that um, but remember the 70s there wasn’t a lot of, I think research was starting back then so, I give my parents, they did the best they could with the, little knowledge they had. But yeah, it’s very hard, um, very hard, to do that but it, it is for the betterment of the children, right because children are pretty you know, if, if co-parenting’s done right, children turn out okay. Yeah. Right. Yeah, yeah they do, they do.

Karen thank you so very much for taking the time to speak with us and you know at The Divorce Magazine and I hope our readers, I know our readers, and our, because it’s going to go on the divorcemagazine.co.uk website as well, oh great, and it’s going to go on um, our YouTube channel and then it’s going to go on The Divorce Magazine LinkedIn, and so forth, um, I can’t wait for people to listen to this because I think the knowledge that it’s okay to grieve for a lost relationship and okay whe, whether you’re aware of grieving for a lost relationship or not, it does, it doesn’t mean that you don’t go through it.

Thank you very, very much for taking the time and thank, thank you for having me on um, it’s really, I have a real passion to try to, yeah, make more people aware of this um, the grief of divorce. So, yeah, yeah. Thank you very much you’re doing a good job doing it now the work was out. I hope so. Thank you very much, thank you.

How can people contact you? Oh yeah, so I’m um, www.divorceworkshop.ca you can email me at karen@divorceworkshop.ca we’re on Instagram, Facebook, and LinkedIn, and YouTube as well so. Do you work with people just from all over the world? Yeah, yeah, because it’s grief, like because it’s, it’s not legal and not financial it’s like I can, I do yeah, I, I, I, do all over the world, yeah, and you’re super qualified as well so yeah, yeah I tried!

[Music]

Read more articles by Karen Omand.

About Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT

Karen Omand, holding degrees in sociology and thanatology, specialises in guiding individuals through grief, drawing from her own experiences of high-conflict divorce, parental loss, and abusive marriage. Focusing on the often-overlooked realm of grief in divorce, she co-founded the Divorceworkshop in 2021 with Kirk Mosna, aiming to empower those on the divorce journey. As a certified Grief Counsellor and Divorce Specialist, Karen advocates for greater awareness of grief in divorce, aiding both recovery and pre-decision detachment. She is the co-author of The Divorce Workbook, coming out this summer.

Alongside Kirk, she assists individuals in informed decision-making, proactive preparation, and strategic planning for healing and recovery. Her story of resilience and empathy inspires others to navigate divorce with courage. Connect with Karen on  InstagramFacebook, and LinkedIn check her website Divorceworkshop.ca, or sign up for the Divorceworkshop’s newsletter.

Agreeing Living Arrangements for Autistic Children When Separating
Photo by Daiga Ellaby on Unsplash

Agreeing Living Arrangements for Autistic Children When Separating

Rina Mistry
Rina Mistry
Senior Associate & Solicitor
Nelsons Solicitors

According to statistics, there is an increased risk of separation between parents of children with autism due to the challenges posed by the condition placing an additional strain on the relationship.

Agreeing on living arrangements for autistic children when parents are separated can be a complex and challenging process. Rina Mistry, senior associate from Nelsons solicitors is outlining some of the steps and considerations that may help in such situations.

Child’s best interest

First and foremost, it is vital that the child’s well-being and best interests are prioritised over and above personal differences. Parents must consider the child’s unique needs, routines, and preferences when deciding on living arrangements. This must be made a priority; the focus is the children’s best interests and not the interests of the parents.

Open communication

Parting couples need to maintain an open, respectful, and constructive communication with the other parent. Discussing the child’s needs, strengths, challenges, and potential living arrangements should be carried out in a calm and constructive manner. This does not necessarily need to be in person, and it is now very common for parents to use court-approved apps as an effective way of co-parenting.

Parents need to acknowledge and respect the other parent’s role in their child’s life. A positive relationship between the child and both parents should also be encouraged.

Consistency and routine

Children with autism often display repetitive behaviours and interests, meaning that they benefit from having a strict routine in place. One way in which to do this would be for the parents to remain living in the family home together. However, this might not be practical in the circumstances and could certainly present difficulties.

Nesting or birdnesting is becoming increasingly popular among separating parents and can provide a short-term solution to the arrangements for the children while long-term plans are being made. The advantage of a nesting arrangement is that the children will remain in the family home (the nest), while the parents leave and return to the property sequentially.

At the very least, parents need to aim for consistency and stability in their child’s living environment and routines. This could include creating a schedule that allows the child to adapt comfortably between both parents’ homes.

Collaborative decision-making

Parents should seek to collaborate on and agree on a detailed parenting plan that includes the child’s specific needs and care requirements and the living schedule, including weekdays, weekends, holidays, and vacations.

The parenting plan should address how both parents can support the child’s therapies, schooling, medical appointments, and any other important decisions that need to be taken and agreed upon.

Flexibility and adaptability

It is important to be flexible and willing to adapt the living and contact arrangements as the child’s needs change over time. Parents are also advised to maintain a cooperative approach, allowing adjustments when necessary.

Professional input

Based upon the circumstances, advice from therapists, educators, or healthcare professionals who understand your child’s needs may need to be obtained. Their insights and recommendations can provide guidance in creating suitable living arrangements.

Documentation

Separating couples should keep records of all agreements and modifications made regarding their children’s living arrangements. Written documentation can help prevent misunderstandings and serve as a reference if conflicts arise.

Self-care

Finally, take care of yourselves as parents. Managing a child’s needs, especially one with autism, can be demanding. Ensure you have a support system and take time for self-care to manage stress effectively.

Remember, each situation is unique, and what works for one family may not work for another. Flexibility, empathy, and a child-centred approach are key in finding suitable living arrangements that meet the needs of an autistic child in a separated family.

Guidance and advice from a specialist family law solicitor can be instrumental in navigating these challenges and can ensure clarity and enforceability in the arrangements made.

Read more articles by Nelsons Solicitors.

About Rina Minstry

Rina qualified as a Solicitor in 2013 and joined the expert Family Law team at Nelsons in December 2020 as a Senior Associate, following its acquisition of Glynis Wright & Co.

Rina advises on a wide range of family law work, including divorce, civil partnership dissolution, finances, separation agreements, child arrangements, parental responsibility, cohabitation/living together agreements, Prohibited Steps and Specific Issues Orders, child relocation, parental alienation and domestic violence.

Here’s Why Staying Together for the Kids Doesn’t Work
Image by tirachardz on Freepik
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Here’s Why Staying Together for the Kids Doesn’t Work

Carol Madden
Carol Madden
Separation and Divorce Coach
Carol Madden Coaching

It’s the uncomfortable truth that much of society doesn’t want to acknowledge.

Staying unhappily married is not good for your kids.

It’s the reason that you will fall into a bottomless abyss of guilt when you finally realise you can’t stay living under the same roof as your spouse anymore.

What can trigger more anxiety in us as parents? How much higher could the stakes get than your children’s emotional wellbeing?

Nothing comes close. Not even your own emotional wellbeing, which will often be sacrificed in the process.

This is why trying to end a relationship when there are kids involved is one of the hardest and most gut-wrenching experiences you will ever go through.

Blocking it out

I’ve seen many, many people stay quietly miserable in expired and toxic relationships because they don’t want to put their kids through a divorce.

But the agonising truth is that once a relationship is truly over, there is no rescuing your children from pain, even if you decide to stay for their sake.

It’s called denial. We deny the fact that we are causing damage to our kids when we try to stay in unhappy marriages because we are tormented by the constant messages from society that divorce is the worst thing that can happen to our kids.

I’ve been in this exact space. It’s hard to admit, and it’s hard to write about.

But I write about it because I know there are so many of us who have been there, and they shouldn’t feel alone.

It’s the feeling of being desperately alone that makes the experience of leaving a marriage with kids so hard to recover from.

Facing My Own Truth

There are many reasons why my marriage was not sustainable. I won’t go into all of them in this newsletter, but I will say that in the last two years before my divorce, there was extreme disconnect and unhappiness on both sides.

I take ownership of my part in it. I worked through the pain to finally find forgiveness for my ex-husband and myself for the circumstances leading up to the end of our marriage.

Neither of us ever set out to hurt each other, but it was no longer a healthy, loving atmosphere in our home.

Mealtimes, which were the only time we sat down together, were strained.

What used to be a happy, talkative time with laughter had been reduced to an awkward, tense time that we both just wanted over so we didn’t have to fake our way through it.

We started to pursue separate lives and were rarely home at the same time on weekends.

We barely talked, and when we did, it was always through the kids or about the kids.

I tried to convince myself that staying in the marriage would be better for my children. It was a coping mechanism while I allowed the devastating truth to sink in.

During those years, I was not the person I used to be, and I knew it. People started commenting on it, and it was getting harder to hide.

I was diagnosed by my doctor as having extreme depression, and she recommended that I seek therapy and start on anti-depressants. Neither of them was able to mask the reality that our relationship was over and we were going to have to face the unthinkable.

I had always been present and engaged with my kids, but now I was always somewhere else in my head. I was constantly trying to get mental space where I could be alone and manage the overwhelming thoughts that were eating away at me.

Children are astute and are aware of so much more than we give them credit for. They may not know it on a conscious level, but they feel it inside. They know when their parents are faking smiles but desperately unhappy.

The guilt that I couldn’t be the mother I wanted to be started to take over. The realisation dawned that in order to be a good parent, I was going to have to be a co-parent.

One size doesn’t fit all

Once your relationship is truly over, there’s no winning. There’s only the arbitrary, blanket message from society that we should stay together ‘for the kids’.

It doesn’t work.

Imagine being a child who knew full well that your parents were miserable but stayed together for your sake.

A good friend told me a few years ago that she wished her parents had divorced. They fought constantly throughout her childhood and didn’t like each other. Several times, she heard her mother tell her father that she was only staying for the kids.

My friend grew up with the guilt that her parents were miserable because of her.

After my divorce, several people confided in me that they wished their parents had divorced when they were children because of the fighting and unhappiness they witnessed growing up.

For every article or piece of advice you read that says that divorce is not good for kids, there’s another article that says that high-conflict or extremely unhappy marriages are just as detrimental.

We teach our kids through actions, not words.

By staying in a dysfunctional, unhappy marriage, I knew that I was modelling disconnect, lack of intimacy, and lack of emotional resilience to my son and daughter.

I was teaching my kids that life is about grinding and existing for everyone else and that personal fulfilment and mental wellbeing should be stuffed down and ignored at all costs.

I spent too many years after leaving my marriage crushed by the never ending guilt and feelings of failure. What a waste!

I didn’t need to. Yes, there was a period of adjusting, and the kids did have to go through the pain of our divorce. I’m not denying that or sugar-coating any of it.

We all had to go through an extremely difficult and painful time. But we worked our way through it and came out the other side, and we are still very much a family. We share lots of good times now, and when we get together now, there is laughter and joy again.

After divorce, you have the choice to live well, to live for what you believe in, to keep striving and to show your kids (not tell them) how to live a life that is authentic, honest, and healthy to you.

Over time, with intention and clear communication, these are the messages you can give your children every day:

  • Our relationship didn’t work, but we both love you.
  • We are here for you.
  • We support you 100%.
  • We are present.
  • You are the most important thing to us.
  • We’ll always be a family.
  • Two homes don’t mean that we don’t love and support each other in other ways.

The bottom line

Every person who gets married wants to stay together for the rest of their lives. That’s what the commitment of marriage symbolises. However, there are no guarantees that you are going to be able to grow together and sustain a healthy connection that spans a lifetime.

Some marriages end, and it serves no purpose for your family to live in a home where the bills get paid, but there is no love, joy, or connection.

Ten years ago, I made a personal choice to choose separation and presence versus marriage and quiet misery.

Today, I’m one hundred per cent confident that I made the right decision for myself, my kids, and my ex-spouse, and I’ll never waver on that despite what anyone else may think.

Kids need happy, healthy, and present parents. If you can no longer give them that version of yourself in your marriage, give yourself permission to be the best co-parent you can be for them instead.

Click here for more articles by Carol Madden

About Carol Madden

Hello, my name is Carol Madden and I am a certified divorce coach working with clients around the world from my online practice in New Zealand.

I aim to help individuals navigate the often overwhelming emotions and practical considerations of separating from a spouse. I understand the unique challenges that divorce can bring, having been through my own divorce ten years ago.

I believe that divorce can be an opportunity for growth and positive change, rather than just a painful ending. Through my coaching, I help clients gain clarity and confidence as they move forward in their lives.

As a writer, I am excited to share my perspectives on divorce with readers seeking solid support during their separations. Whether providing tips for managing the emotional rollercoaster or offering practical advice for effectively co-parenting, I want to help others through this challenging time.

Discover me on social media:

How Coparents Can Create a Safe Haven for Grieving Children
Photo by Mike Scheid on Unsplash
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How Co-Parents Can Create a Safe Haven for Grieving Children

Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT
Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT
Co-Founder
Divorceworkshop
Al Huntoon
Al Huntoon
Founder
Coparenting Connection

“When my parents got divorced, I was just a baby and had no idea what it felt like to have two parents together. Children at any age grieve the loss of their family.”

What is Grief?

In very simple terms, grief is a reaction to loss. When we think of grief, we often think of a death loss, but grief is much broader than most think, and it can be felt for various reasons. Children are not immune to feeling these emotions. Many parents who go through a breakup or divorce may not even recognise that their children may also be grieving.

One aspect of the experience that not many separating or divorcing couples understand is that children do grieve this loss. It changes their whole life. Children can have similar reactions to how the parents may feel about the separation or divorce.

Children’s reactions and feelings can be more acute in the case of high-conflict separations or divorces. The day before transferring the child to the other parent’s house can be fraught with tense feelings. These are sensed by the child, who may wonder whether their parents may fight openly at the transfer or what will happen. That was my experience as a child.

When Karen’s parents divorced, she was too young to know what it was like to have both parents together. Karen recalls feeling lonely and insecure during her visits with her father, crying alone, and longing for her mother. Children of all ages grieve the loss of their family, though many parents may not recognise this. Grief, a reaction to loss, isn’t limited to death and can deeply affect children during divorce. This grief changes a child’s entire life, often manifesting in behavioural issues due to their limited ability to understand or express their feelings.

To illustrate this, Karen shares a deeply personal story from her own childhood, which highlights the impact of grief.

I saw pictures of myself spending time with my father when I was very young, but my earliest memories were with my mother. I spent most of my childhood with my mom and saw my dad every other weekend. Some of my earliest memories include crying in my bed at my father’s place and longing to be with my mom. I felt alone and hurt, yearning for her. I was also a very sickly child, and I struggled in those early years of school.

My attachment system was formed to feel secure and safe with my mom, but my behaviour was not always entirely indicative of that. I felt strongly attached and secure with her, but something else was going on at the same time. Once in kindergarten, I stole some macaroni that we used for art, and I got caught, so this was reported to the principal and my mom. I am not sure why I took it—maybe I thought my mom needed it to feed us. I also remember taking some Rice Krispies from home, putting them in a bag, and hiding them in the evergreens in front of the house. Was I feeling unsafe or insecure?

I wasn’t close to my father or his new wife. Years later, as I reflect on my childhood, I realise I had been grieving the loss of a normal family, the time I wasn’t with my mom, and the absence of a father figure I never truly had. I had never talked about this until years later in therapy. As a child in the 1970s and 1980s, my feelings did not matter much.

Parents may feel guilt about the separation or divorce but might not understand that their children are grieving as well. Karen’s parents never knew, and she cried by herself, jealous of other families with two loving parents—an emotion she now recognises as a form of grief.

Children Living Between Two Worlds

For children, divorce involves not just family members moving but also strong emotions and significant changes. They must navigate living between two worlds, with parents who may have different parenting styles. Consistency can help, but the transition is still difficult. Adults must understand separation or divorce from the child’s perspective, recognising that while they handle logistics, children are dealing with internal turmoil.

It’s common for separated or divorced parents to not want to hear that their child misses or feels sad about the other parent, leading some children to isolate themselves emotionally. Karen’s story is an example of this. Children may grieve the loss of their family, the daily presence of both parents, and the stability they once had. Relief may come in high-conflict households, but grief can also include sadness, confusion, anger, and fear of the unknown. Addressing these grief-related emotions is crucial to helping children adjust to divorce.

Age-Specific Indicators:

  • Ages 2 and under: Increased fussiness, clinginess, regression.
  • Ages 3-5: Regression, nightmares, aggression, noncompliance, temper tantrums, complaints about stomach.
  • Ages 6-9: Role replacement, feelings of abandonment, clinginess, fear you will disappear, aggression, withdrawal, may blame themselves, possessiveness, psychosomatic symptoms.
  • Early Adolescents: Increased aggression, possessiveness, defiance, psychosomatic symptoms, torn between two people, feeling the weight of being stuck in the middle, may take sides, anger, frustration, confusion, hurt, shame (worries about what their friends may think), may play games with parents.
  • Ages 13-18: Aggression, possessiveness, defiance, psychosomatic symptoms, possible risky behaviours, may distance themselves emotionally, may have conflicted loyalties, uncertain how to talk to their friends about it, grieve their home and lifestyle, grades may slip.
  • All Ages: Sadness, anger, guilt, denial, fear, psychosomatic symptoms, behavioural problems, aggression, concentration issues, fatigue, withdrawal, low self-esteem.

Emotional Literacy in Grieving Children

These reactions triggered by loss can be overwhelming for children, they often lack the emotional maturity and cognitive development to fully understand or process the feeling of grief. Children often struggle to articulate their feelings and might require guidance and support to navigate their grief in a healthy, productive way. Emotional literacy—the ability to recognise, understand, and express emotions constructively—plays a crucial role in helping children manage their grief. Here are some key benefits:

  • Validation of Feelings: When children can clearly express their feelings, they often feel more in control and understood. Knowing that their emotions are acknowledged and valued gives them a sense of empowerment. This recognition also fosters trust between children and their caregivers, reinforcing the idea that their feelings matter. Stronger emotional bonds with parents develop when children feel heard and understood, providing essential support and love during challenging times.
  • Reduced Anxiety: Understanding emotions can shed light on the complex feelings associated with grief, reducing confusion and anxiety. Expressing emotions can be a calming release, helping children manage anxiety in a healthy way. Children who can articulate their emotions are less likely to feel overwhelmed. By understanding the emotional responses of others, children can approach social interactions and family dynamics with greater ease.
  • Healthy Expression: Emotional literacy provides children with positive outlets for their emotions, reducing the likelihood of emotional outbursts or destructive behaviors. By learning to communicate their needs and feelings effectively, children can build stronger relationships with parents and peers. This emotional intelligence also enhances their ability to resolve conflicts peacefully by understanding different perspectives.
  • Enhanced Coping Skills: Emotional literacy helps children develop stronger coping mechanisms, helping them to face life’s challenges with resilience and adaptability. They are better equipped to solve problems by considering both their emotions and logical reasoning. This emotional intelligence enables children to make balanced decisions.

Supporting Emotional Literacy

Nurturing children’s emotional literacy involves employing intentional strategies that parents can implement to help their children understand and express their emotions in a healthy manner:

  • Modelling Behaviour: Parents can demonstrate emotional awareness by openly expressing their own feelings in an age-appropriate manner. For example, a parent might say, “I’m feeling frustrated right now.” By modelling healthy emotional responses, parents teach children valuable coping skills. Creating an open environment where children can ask questions and share their feelings without fear of judgment is essential.
  • Active Listening: When children express their emotions, giving them full attention is crucial. Using empathetic statements like, “I think you might be feeling sad because of the changes in our family,” shows children that their feelings are understood and valued. Attentive listening encourages open dialogue about emotions and fosters a supportive atmosphere.
  • Labelling and Coaching: Helping children identify and label their emotions is a key step in emotional literacy. For example, if children’s is upset, a parent can say, “It seems like you’re feeling angry.” Discussing the reasons behind these emotions can help children understand their feelings better. Positive reinforcement for expressing emotions encourages continued development of emotional literacy skills.

Strategies to Address Children’s Grief

Providing a Stable and Supportive Environment

Creating a sense of stability and support is crucial for children’s experiencing grief, especially in a coparenting situation. By working together, parents can build a consistent and reassuring environment that helps their child feel secure, even amidst significant life changes.

  • Aligned Messaging: In the delicate process of coparenting, presenting a unified front is crucial. When parents align their messaging, it not only reduces confusion but also eases the insecurities that grieving children often face. Consistent communication about family changes and emotional support signals to the child that both parents are in sync, offering them a comforting sense of security.
  • Shared Emotional Literacy Goals: Both parents should place a high priority on fostering emotional literacy, ensuring they are teaching and reinforcing the same concepts and strategies. By collaborating on how to handle significant events or emotional challenges, parents can prevent mixed signals and reinforce the importance of understanding and expressing emotions constructively. This unified approach ensures that the child receives consistent guidance, no matter which home they are in.
  • Predictability and Stability: Stability is the cornerstone of children’s emotional security, especially during times of grief. Consistency in rules and routines across both households provides the predictability that children need to feel safe and in control. When parents collaborate to establish similar expectations—whether it’s bedtime or screen time—they create a consistent experience that helps the child understand both homes as secure and familiar spaces, reducing any potential for confusion or anxiety.

Communication is Critical

  • Regular Check-ins: To uphold consistency, parents should schedule regular check-ins to discuss their children’s emotional and behavioural progress. Whether weekly or bi-weekly, these proactive discussions allow parents to stay ahead of any emerging issues, preventing minor challenges from escalating into significant problems.
  • Emotional Updates: These check-ins are also a vital opportunity to share updates on the children’s emotional state. By discussing any significant events or changes in behaviour, parents can ensure they are both prepared to respond appropriately and consistently, reinforcing the children’s emotional literacy and wellbeing.
  • Focus on the Children’s Wellbeing: Amidst the complexities of coparenting, it’s essential to keep the focus squarely on the child’s well-being. Conflicts should be handled privately, away from children, to avoid adding unnecessary stress to their emotional burden. By agreeing to present a calm and united front, even during disagreements, parents can shield their children from tension. In moments of conflict, refocusing on the shared goal—supporting the children’s emotional and developmental needs—can guide conversations and decisions toward constructive outcomes.

Professional Support

Undoubtedly, there will be challenges in helping your children navigate a separation or divorce. For the most part, you and your co-parent will be able to guide them through this life-changing event. However, each child’s response to the family transition will be unique. One child may adapt better to the divorce, while another may struggle. At times, it may be best for co-parents to seek support from professionals who can help guide and support their child through the separation or divorce and its effects.

When to Seek Professional Help

There are several reasons why co-parents might consider seeking professional help. As mentioned earlier, children’s behaviors can vary depending on their developmental stage. It is normal for children to regress, show anger, and sadness, or make hurtful remarks during a separation or divorce. These behaviors often stem from their grief over the loss of their previous family structure. However, if these signs become persistent and severe, consulting a children’s therapist may be crucial.

Signs That Professional Help May Be Needed:

  • Persistent Distress: Continuous sadness, anxiety, or upset for an extended period.
  • Significant Behavioural Issues: Dramatic changes in behaviour, increased defiance, aggression, or disruption.
  • Unexplained Physical Symptoms: Frequent complaints of headaches, stomachaches, or other physical ailments without a clear medical cause.
  • Self-Harm or Severe Depression/Anxiety: Talk of self-harm, suicidal thoughts, or severe emotional distress.
  • Decline in Academic Performance: Noticeable drops in grades, loss of interest in school, or frequent school-related complaints.
  • Social Withdrawal: Avoiding friends, family, and previously enjoyed social activities.
  • Sleep Disturbances: Persistent nightmares, insomnia, or excessive sleeping.
  • Regressive Behaviours: Reverting to younger behaviours such as bed-wetting, clinginess, or tantrums.
  • Substance Use: Experimenting with drugs or alcohol as a coping mechanism.
  • Intense Anger or Aggression: Frequent outbursts, fighting with peers, or defiance toward authority figures.
  • Difficulty with Daily Functioning: Struggling with routines, responsibilities, or loss of interest in activities.
  • Changes in Eating Habits: Significant weight loss or gain, or changes in eating patterns.
  • Excessive Guilt or Self-Blame: Expressing feelings of responsibility for the divorce or ongoing family issues.

Recognising these signs early and seeking professional help can make a significant difference in your child’s emotional and psychological wellbeing during and after a divorce.

Conclusion: Why This Matters

Parenting responsibilities don’t diminish during a separation or divorce; in fact, they often increase as coparenting introduces new and challenging skills. Emotional literacy is crucial—children need to express their feelings about the suddenly changed circumstances and their impact. Parents need to communicate with their children and be vigilant for harmful behaviors.

Coparents must understand that children grieve and that each child’s way of grieving is unique. During separation and divorce, parents are often overwhelmed by the many tasks and emotions involved. Some may feel strong guilt about leaving a marriage and its effects on their children. Many parents may not realise that, although children are generally resilient and able to transition, most new co-parents are unaware of how to effectively communicate with their children during this time.

Whether the relationship ended mutually or not, divorce is overwhelming. Karen’s personal story is not uncommon. This guide, which includes behaviours to watch for, developmental issues at each age, emotional literacy, practical coparenting strategies, and creating a stable environment, provides important steps for recognising and addressing these challenges.

Read more articles by Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT.

About Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT

Karen Omand holds a rare university degree in Thanatology and a B.A. in Sociology. She is the co-author of the “Just Separated Divorce Workbook,” coming out this October, and co-founder of The Divorce Workshop. As a private counsellor and coach, Karen specialises in high-conflict cases, post-divorce abuse, grief, and divorce. Having navigated her own high-conflict divorce, she is also the mother of two lovely daughters.

About Al Huntoon

Al Huntoon is a seasoned social worker with over 30 years of progressive experience in nonprofit leadership, coaching, and conflict resolution. As the founder of Coparenting Connection, he helps parents navigate the challenges of coparenting children from separate homes. Previously, he served as a Child Custody Mediator in the North Carolina’s largest Family Court District where he mediated hundreds of cases in a highly charged legal and emotional environment.

How To Handle the Gut-Wrenching Questions Kids Ask After Divorce
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How To Handle the Gut-Wrenching Questions Kids Ask After Divorce

I knew that divorce was going to be painful. I wasn’t naive enough to think I was going to get out of it without intense emotional trauma.

I knew that my life would change financially, that I was going out into the world alone and that I’d lose some of my friends. And worst of all, I knew that my kids were going to have to go through pain, too.

But nothing in the world prepared me for how I reacted when they asked me why we couldn’t stay together.

These questions were unbearable because they tapped into my subconscious judgment about why we couldn’t do it, too.

Out of the mouths of babes

The most gut-wrenching one I can remember was when my daughter, who was four years old at the time, asked why we couldn’t live together anymore.

I felt the familiar grief start to overtake me as I blindly searched for the right words.

“Sometimes two people still love each other, but they can’t live together anymore because it makes them sad”.

She looked at me puzzled and said, “But if you don’t live together, then the kids will be sad”.

It was like a knife going through my heart; I felt physical pain. The hardest part was that I couldn’t just fall to my knees and sob right in front of her. I had to kindly and gently complete the conversation and get on with the twenty jobs I had to do before bedtime. (No breaks in single parenting!).

Then, thankfully, as I sank into bed on my own, I could let the tears flow. That’s how it was in the beginning. Pushing through each hour before I could collapse at the end of the day and fall apart before the alarm went off and I’d have to get up to face another day of holding it together.

The hits kept coming

Not long after that, my son blindsided me. We’d just dropped his friend back home after a visit, and we’d gone inside to say hi and chat a bit with her parents. When we got home, he said, “I wish my parents were together like Abby’s parents. Why couldn’t you and dad stay together?”

I sat there frozen, not even sure what to say. What was there to say? I agreed with him. I wished that he had two parents who were together as well.

Again, I searched for some words, any words that he could try to understand at the age of seven.

“I know you’re sad. I’m really sad too, and I’m so sorry you are feeling like this. You have two parents who love you very much, just like Abby”. Again, I went to bed feeling ripped apart and raw. I was worried sick about what the divorce was doing to us all.

How it’s changed

My son is nearly eighteen now, and my daughter is nearly fifteen. These days, they say it would be weird if their dad and I were still together. They’re used to our new family structure, and they are both happy, thriving, and well-adjusted teens.

Eventually, I started seeing that my kids were okay. With our love, support, and commitment to amicable co-parenting, they made it through our divorce, and although we don’t live under one roof, their family is still intact.

How to manage when they ask these questions

The key to handling these types of comments from your kids is not to panic. Accept that these comments will trigger guilt and pain inside you, but don’t shy away from the conversation.

Although it’s a sad time in their lives, when you acknowledge what they’re going through and admit that, yes, it is sad, you validate their feelings. It would be worse if you tried to brush over it and say, ‘Oh, it’s okay. It’s not that bad having two homes. Everything is pretty much the same’ and then quickly move on.

Or worse. Blame their other parent because you haven’t dealt with your own anger. “Well, if your mother wasn’t such a bitch we’d still be married”. Yes, I know someone whose father said this to him when his parents divorced.

Of course, we don’t want to see our kids go through these moments of expressing their sadness and anger that life isn’t working out how they expected it to. There probably isn’t a harder part of divorce, in all honesty. We want so badly to protect them from going through it, but we simply can’t.

Show your kids that you’re in it together

Kids need to see that you share in their sadness. It should be like a team effort to get through it together. As always, I won’t sugarcoat this fact. It’s f**king painful, f**king hard, and it takes at least two years before it really does feel like you are living your new post-divorce family life with a semblance of normality.

It doesn’t stop there. But those first two years are the hardest for everyone, and it’s usually during these years that you’ll get those types of questions and comments from your children because this is when they are still trying to process reality.

If you’re finding these questions and comments difficult to cope with, make sure you have someone you can contact to help you through the triggers when they come.

Trying to shoulder the burden of your children’s pain while you are in the process of getting yourself through emotional turmoil is not something that should be taken lightly. You need to look after yourself.

Talk to a good friend who has experienced divorce, journal it out, join a divorce support group or work with a divorce coach if you can.

Read books or listen to podcasts that specifically address helping children through divorce. You can never be over-informed about this.

If you have young children, there are a heap of good picture books that can help them make sense of what’s happening and give you some strategies for talking about it with them.

Here’s a link to the 7 Best Children’s Books About Divorce to get you started if you’re interested. Some of them are for older kids, too.

You’ll make it

You can get yourself and your kids through the first few years of divorce with the right game plan and a set of tools and strategies to handle the gut-wrenching questions when they come. Preparation is everything.

In the beginning it feels like coming out the other side is an impossible dream. But there are many, many people who have been able to get their families through divorce and thrive. I’m one of them, and there’s no reason that you can’t be one of them too.

Click here for more articles by Carol Madden

About Carol Madden

Hello, my name is Carol Madden and I am a certified divorce coach working with clients around the world from my online practice in New Zealand.

I aim to help individuals navigate the often overwhelming emotions and practical considerations of separating from a spouse. I understand the unique challenges that divorce can bring, having been through my own divorce ten years ago.

I believe that divorce can be an opportunity for growth and positive change, rather than just a painful ending. Through my coaching, I help clients gain clarity and confidence as they move forward in their lives.

As a writer, I am excited to share my perspectives on divorce with readers seeking solid support during their separations. Whether providing tips for managing the emotional rollercoaster or offering practical advice for effectively co-parenting, I want to help others through this challenging time.

Discover me on social media:

Step Parenting: Ups and Downs
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Step Parenting: Ups and Downs

Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT
Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT
Co-Founder
Divorceworkshop

At the tender age of 4 or 5, my small world suddenly included a new character – my stepmother. What my father had hoped would be a seamless blending of families turned out to be anything but. I can still vividly remember innocently requesting of her a task that, in my young mind, only my mom could accomplish – something truly extraordinary. Her response, tethered by the complexity of our situation, marked the beginning of what would become a challenging relationship.

As the years rolled by, the connection between us failed to blossom into the harmonious bond one might have hoped for. Now, in retrospect, those tumultuous years have inspired me to help those navigating the intricate journey of serious relationships after divorce, especially when children are involved.

Step Families: The Common Reality

Amidst high divorce rates for first-time marriages, it is even higher for second marriages, a crucial factor contributing to this trend is the intricate dynamics of blended families. Stepfamilies are prevalent in the U.S., U.K., and Canada, where a substantial portion of the population includes at least one step-relative. However, achieving harmony in a new stepfamily is not an immediate accomplishment; even under optimal conditions, it generally takes two to four years for the family to establish a cohesive rhythm in shared living

However, the journey is far from straightforward. Remarriage with children introduces intricate challenges, often contributing to a higher divorce rate. Issues like intolerance, competing needs, loyalty pressures, and sharing struggles can complicate the dynamics, potentially leading to conflicts that jeopardise relationships. Success in such blended families requires shedding fairy-tale ideals and approaching remarriage with children armed with realistic expectations.

My Story: A Child of Divorce with a Stepparent

Growing up in the aftermath of my parents’ high-conflict divorce was not without its challenges. In an era where there were no guides on being a good stepparent and little emphasis on blending families the right way, my father, being a traditional man, took a back seat in parenting when I was with him and his wife. Balancing attention between my older sister and myself, as well as my new siblings from his new wife, posed challenges. My initial resistance to accepting another motherly figure into my life set the stage for a rocky start with my new stepmother which continued for years and years.

With no “How to be a Good Stepparent book” to guide the way, the blending of our families back in the 1970s and 80s lacked knowledge and education. My mother’s values and parenting styles differed significantly from my new stepmother’s, and adjusting to this new dynamic was no easy feat. I was very bonded to my mother, and there was no way that this new person was ever going to replace her. The adaption was complicated and stressful for me. When I would leave my mom’s, I would cry myself to sleep at my father’s, where I felt left out and alone. Over time, I eventually adapted and survived, but there were aspects I loathed. My stepmother introduced a set of rules and traditions that clashed with what I was familiar with, and the adjustment process was anything but smooth.

I remember once when I did not make my bed to her standards and, as I was walking to school, probably in grade 3 or 4, she started to scream at me outside as I began my walk to school. It was humiliating, and I hated her even more. Another time, I was a teenager and babysitting my younger siblings. I was trying to get a hold of my father to come home earlier from the club bar, as I had been asked out on my very first date. I called the bar a few times to finally get her on the phone and asked them to come home so I could go out on this date. When she got home, she screamed at me for ruining her night. Everything I did had to go through her, not my father, which was one of their biggest mistakes.

If she were to say anything in her defence I did not make it easy for her, and it was not my role to do so. I was a young child and hurting on many levels. As I got older there was never any open communication between my father and stepmother on what was to be expected and how I was feeling or doing. That was not a common thing done in the 70s and 80s when children’s feelings were validated and talked about.

Navigating the role of a step-parent is undoubtedly challenging, both for the individual stepping into that role and for the child involved. While my personal experience may not paint an optimistic picture, however, countless blended families thrive, demonstrating that success is indeed possible. I recall a psychologist emphasising the positive correlation between a child’s wellbeing and the love they receive. This underscores the potential for a fulfilling relationship between a step-parent and their stepchild through dedicated effort, patience, and a clear understanding of their respective roles.

There are important aspects to consider if you’re considering remarriage or entering a serious relationship after divorce, especially when children are involved.

Here are some general guidelines for step-parents:

Establishing Clear Communication:

  • Maintain consistent communication with the child’s biological parent to better understand their parenting views and the child’s needs.
  • Ask for their input on how to build a positive relationship with your step child, ensuring you’re aligned in your approach.

Navigating Parenting Styles:

  • Reflect on your parenting methods, acknowledging that each parent might have a different approach. Striving for a common understanding is crucial. Notably, roughly one-third of parents may have similar parenting styles.
  • Promote an environment where all parents can openly discuss and contribute to decisions impacting the child.

Setting Realistic Expectations:

  • Acknowledge that step parenting comes with unique challenges, and understand that blended families have their dynamics, different from traditional ones. It’s important to give step parents the space to voice their challenges and frustrations.
  • Replace expectations of instant bonding with patience, understanding that forming strong connections takes time.

Intentional Role Development:

  • Be mindful and deliberate about your role within the family. Invest time in learning about your stepchildren, their history, and any special needs they may have.
  • Engage in open, transparent discussions with your partner to gain deeper insight into the child’s experiences and emotions.

Fostering Relationships:

  • Building relationships in a blended family is a process that requires patience and time.
  • Start with simple, enjoyable activities that allow children to adapt at their own pace.
  • The biological parent plays a vital role in fostering a secure and cohesive family environment.

Showing Respect:

  • Always show respect for the child’s other biological parent, particularly in the child’s presence.
  • Understand that children might see the arrival of a new stepparent as a loss, so it’s important to avoid any negative comments or criticism.

Approaching Discipline:

  • In the beginning, let the biological parent take the lead on discipline.
  • Focus on establishing a caring, trusting relationship with your stepchild before stepping into any disciplinary role.
  • Regularly communicate with your partner about parenting styles to ensure consistency and mutual understanding.

Managing Emotional Reactions:

  • Avoid taking your stepchild’s reactions personally as a step parent.
  • Recognise that their responses may be rooted in deeper emotions, and work on building trust gradually over time.
  • Keep open lines of communication with your partner to discuss any feelings or insecurities that may arise.

Finding Joy in Step Parenting:

  • Despite the obstacles, being a stepparent can be deeply rewarding.
  • Treasure the opportunity to form unique and loving bonds with your step children.
  • Focus on becoming a positive influence and building meaningful, lasting relationships.

Blending a family is a complex journey that involves navigating the challenges of co-parenting and step parenting, which can sometimes strain second marriages. With patience, time, and realistic expectations, it is possible to build a harmonious and fulfilling family life. Key strategies include maintaining regular communication with the biological parent, being intentional in your role, and carefully managing discipline. Family therapy can also provide essential support during challenging times.

Through perseverance, resilience, and commitment, a joyful and connected blended family life is achievable, where deep and meaningful relationships can thrive.

Read more articles by Karen Omand.

About Karen Omand BASoc BAThan CT

Karen Omand, holding degrees in sociology and thanatology, specialises in guiding individuals through grief, drawing from her own experiences of high-conflict divorce, parental loss, and abusive marriage. Focusing on the often-overlooked realm of grief in divorce, she co-founded the Divorceworkshop in 2021 with Kirk Mosna, aiming to empower those on the divorce journey. As a certified Grief Counsellor and Divorce Specialist, Karen advocates for greater awareness of grief in divorce, aiding both recovery and pre-decision detachment. She is the co-author of The Divorce Workbook, coming out this summer.

Alongside Kirk, she assists individuals in informed decision-making, proactive preparation, and strategic planning for healing and recovery. Her story of resilience and empathy inspires others to navigate divorce with courage. Connect with Karen on  InstagramFacebook, and LinkedIn check her website Divorceworkshop.ca, or sign up for the Divorceworkshop’s newsletter.

Understanding Stepparent Rights
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Understanding Stepparent Rights

In modern families, it’s common for individuals to enter new relationships and create blended households. This often involves stepparents playing significant roles in the lives of their partner’s children. While this can create a stable and loving environment for the child, it raises important questions about the rights stepparents have. Understanding these rights is crucial for anyone in this role.

Parental Responsibility and Stepparents

Despite the deep involvement stepparents may have in their stepchildren’s lives, they do not automatically gain parental responsibility. Parental responsibility encompasses all the rights, duties, powers, responsibilities, and authority a parent legally has concerning their child and their property. Without this legal status, a stepparent cannot make critical decisions for their stepchildren.

For example, if a child in a stepparent’s care requires urgent medical treatment, the stepparent cannot provide consent unless they have parental responsibility. This responsibility typically lies with the natural parents.

Acquiring Parental Responsibility

Stepparents can obtain parental responsibility, but it requires a formal agreement or court order. This process is similar to how unmarried fathers acquire parental responsibility. The agreement must be signed by all individuals who currently hold parental responsibility for the child, usually the natural parents.

Once a stepparent has parental responsibility, they are granted the same rights and duties as a natural parent. This means they can make decisions regarding the child’s education, medical care, and general welfare.

Stepparents and Divorce

The relationship between a stepparent and stepchild can be profoundly significant, and it often benefits the child to maintain this bond even if the stepparent and natural parent divorce. Stepparents may wish to continue their relationship with stepchildren post-divorce. If mutual arrangements cannot be agreed upon, stepparents can apply to the court for a child arrangements order, which outlines when and how they can spend time with their stepchildren.

However, it is important to note that a stepparent cannot acquire parental responsibility once they are divorced from the child’s natural parent.

Financial Obligations

In some cases, stepparents might have ongoing financial responsibilities towards their stepchildren after a divorce. The court might consider the needs of stepchildren when determining financial settlements. This ensures that the child’s welfare is considered in the division of assets and any spousal support arrangements.

Seeking Legal Advice

Navigating the complexities of stepparent rights requires expert guidance. Family law solicitors can provide valuable advice tailored to your specific circumstances, ensuring that both your rights and the child’s best interests are protected.

For personalised legal advice, contact Woolley & Co, family lawyers, at 0800 321 3832 to arrange a telephone appointment with one of our family law experts. You can also visit www.family-lawfirm.co.uk for more information.

Conclusion

Understanding your rights as a stepparent is essential for ensuring you can effectively support and care for your stepchildren. Whether it’s about acquiring parental responsibility, maintaining relationships post-divorce, or understanding financial obligations, being informed and seeking legal advice can make a significant difference in navigating your role within a blended family.

Read more articles by Woolley & Co Solicitors.

About Michelle Brammer

Michelle is a specialist divorce and family lawyer based in Melbourne near Derby. Over the last twenty years working in the East Midlands and Staffordshire she has built an excellent reputation acting for people from all walks of life – from homebuilders and homemakers, to farmers, politicians, business owners and CEOs.

Michelle is named as a Recommended Lawyer for Family Law in Legal 500 2020 and is also a Ranked Lawyer in Chambers and Partners where one client enthused to researchers: She demonstrated a depth of knowledge in her field that only experience and an unwavering passion for her profession can bring. She remained efficient, professional and pragmatic at all times and instilled a confidence that she had my best interests at heart in all negotiations she engaged in.”

Michelle qualified as a Legal Executive in October 1997 and joined Woolley & Co from a Staffordshire law firm in July 2016.

A Guide for Parents - Devising a Co-Parenting Plan Before Getting a Divorce
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A Guide for Parents – Devising a Co-Parenting Plan Before Getting a Divorce

Chris Sweetman
Chris Sweetman
Editor at The Divorce Magazine
Director at Fair Result

Going through a divorce can be emotionally and logistically challenging, especially for parents with children. While the decision to end a marriage may be difficult, it’s crucial to prioritise the well-being of the children throughout the process. One of the most important steps in this regard is devising a comprehensive co-parenting plan before finalising the divorce.

A well-crafted co-parenting plan not only sets the tone for a healthy co-parenting relationship post-divorce but also ensures that both parents remain actively involved in their children’s lives. It provides a framework for effective communication, decision-making, and conflict resolution, ultimately minimising the impact of the divorce on the children.

By establishing clear guidelines and expectations from the outset, parents can foster a cooperative and supportive environment for their children, helping them navigate this transitional period with greater ease and stability.

Understanding the Concept of Co-Parenting

Co-parenting refers to the process of raising children collaboratively after a separation or divorce. It involves both parents actively participating in decision-making, sharing responsibilities, and maintaining a healthy relationship for the well-being of their children.

Successful co-parenting requires a commitment to putting aside personal differences and focusing on the children’s best interests. Key principles of effective co-parenting include:

  • Open and respectful communication
  • Consistency in parenting styles and rules
  • Flexibility and compromise
  • Avoiding conflict in front of the children
  • Maintaining a united front when addressing children’s needs and concerns

While co-parenting can be challenging, especially in the aftermath of a divorce, both parents need to work together and prioritise their children’s emotional and developmental needs. This often involves setting aside personal grievances and cultivating a cooperative and supportive dynamic.

Establishing a Parenting Schedule

One of the most crucial components of a co-parenting plan is establishing a fair and consistent parenting schedule. This schedule should outline the custody arrangements and visitation schedules, ensuring that both parents have ample time to be actively involved in their children’s lives.

When determining custody arrangements, parents can choose from various options, including:

  • Joint custody: Both parents share legal custody and decision-making responsibilities for the children.
  • Sole custody: One parent has primary legal and physical custody, while the other parent has visitation rights.
  • Shared physical custody: Children spend a significant amount of time living with each parent.

The parenting schedule should consider factors such as work schedules, children’s extracurricular activities, and living arrangements. It’s essential to create a schedule that minimises disruptions to the children’s routines and provides stability.

To ensure a smooth transition, the schedule should clearly outline the pickup and drop-off times, as well as any special arrangements for holidays, vacations, and other important events.

Handling Decisions Related to Children

In addition to establishing a parenting schedule, a co-parenting plan should outline how major decisions concerning the children will be made. These decisions may include matters related to education, healthcare, religion, and extracurricular activities.

It’s crucial to establish clear guidelines for communication and conflict resolution when making these decisions. Parents should agree on a process for discussing and resolving any disagreements that may arise, such as seeking the assistance of a mediator or counsellor if necessary.

The co-parenting plan should also address potential changes in circumstances, such as relocation, remarriage, or adjustments in financial situations. Having a framework in place for addressing these changes can help minimise conflicts and ensure that the children’s best interests remain the top priority.

Managing Finances and Child Support

Financial considerations are an essential part of a co-parenting plan, particularly when it comes to child support and shared expenses for the children’s needs.

The plan should clearly outline the child support obligations and payment arrangements – taking into account factors such as each parent’s income, the number of children, and any relevant legal guidelines or agreements.

In addition to child support, the co-parenting plan should address how expenses related to the children’s needs, such as clothing, extracurricular activities, educational costs, and medical expenses, will be divided between the parents. Establishing a fair and equitable system for sharing these costs can help prevent future conflicts and ensure that the children’s needs are met.

It’s also important to review any potential tax implications and benefits related to child support and shared expenses. Consulting with financial advisors or legal professionals can provide valuable guidance in navigating around financial assets.

Maintaining Healthy Boundaries

While co-parenting requires open communication and cooperation, it’s equally important to maintain healthy boundaries between the former spouses. The co-parenting plan should establish clear guidelines for interactions and communication, ensuring that each parent respects the other’s personal space and privacy.

One critical aspect is avoiding exposing children to parental conflicts or using them as messengers or go-betweens. Children should not be burdened with adult issues or placed in the middle of disagreements between their parents.

It’s also important to respect each other’s personal lives and relationships. The co-parenting plan should outline boundaries regarding introductions to new partners, attending events together, and maintaining appropriate behaviour in front of the children.

By establishing and adhering to these boundaries, parents can create a more harmonious and supportive environment for their children, minimising the potential for further emotional turmoil or confusion.

Involving Children in the Process

While devising a co-parenting plan, it’s essential to involve the children in an age-appropriate manner. This not only helps them understand the changes occurring in their family dynamic but also provides an opportunity for them to voice their concerns and fears.

Open communication with children is crucial throughout the process. Parents should strive to explain the situation in a clear and reassuring manner, emphasising that the divorce is not their fault and that both parents will continue to love and support them.

Depending on the children’s ages, parents can consider involving them in discussions about certain aspects of the co-parenting plan, such as visitation schedules or living arrangements. This can help children feel heard and respected – ultimately easing their transition into the new family dynamic.

It’s also important to encourage children to express their feelings and concerns openly. Parents should be prepared to actively listen and address any worries or questions that may arise, seeking professional counselling if necessary.

By involving children in the process and fostering open communication, parents can help mitigate the potential emotional and psychological impacts of divorce – promoting a smoother transition for the entire family.

Final Thoughts

Devising a comprehensive co-parenting plan before finalising a divorce is essential for parents committed to prioritising the well-being of their children. By establishing clear guidelines for custody arrangements, decision-making processes, financial responsibilities, and communication, parents can create a supportive and stable environment for their children during this transitional period.

While co-parenting can be challenging, it is vital for both parents to put aside personal differences and cultivate a cooperative dynamic. Seeking professional assistance from mediators, counsellors, or legal professionals can provide valuable guidance and support throughout the process.

Ultimately, a well-crafted co-parenting plan serves as a foundation for a healthy and nurturing relationship between parents and children, helping to minimise the potential negative impacts of divorce and fostering a more positive and harmonious future for the entire family.

Read more articles by Chris Sweetman.

About Chris Sweetman

Chris Sweetman is an independent family solicitor and director of Fair Result – An award-winning law office who pride themselves on using innovative ways to help clients through the stress and complications of a marriage break down.

Chris can be contacted on 07500933818 or via email chris@fair-result.co.uk.

The Co-Parenting Method that is Reconnecting Parents with Withdrawn Children
Photo by Kevin Delvecchio on Unsplash.
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The Co-Parenting Method that is Reconnecting Parents with Withdrawn Kids

Johanna Lynn
Johanna Lynn
Founder
The Family Imprint Institute

After your divorce, you can be feeling unsettled one day and a bit more yourself the next.  Your family landscape looks completely different. You are still finding your ground again, emotionally, financially and mentally. On top of it all, you’re not sure how to bridge the growing gap this separation has placed between you and your children.

The truth is children are not yet able to hold on to two attachments they experience as incompatible. This can look like the child accepts one parent and disconnects from the other. A lot of this has to do with the child’s attachment brain no longer experiencing the parents as physically united.

During your separation, the attachment brain of your child may be connected to the other parent. Of course, this is painful and it’s essential to understand the inner conflict of the child and try to not feel personally hurt (or triumphantly confirmed, if you ended up as the “good” parent).

Whenever you can share good stories that are about good common experiences this supports your child. Giving your children the message:

“Our family is different now and this is sad for you. And there were many beautiful things in our history as a family, and your Dad/your Mom loves you and is lovable.”

Remember the importance of the message:

“Dad and Mom will always agree about how much we love you.”

Ask your friends and relatives to keep this message strong instead of rumbling about your ex. Be aware that little ears easily overhear and then make their own conclusions about what they’ve heard you say.

You are more mature, hold on to your kids despite their temporary rejection. 

You may feel your child has taken your ex-partner’s side, and this will require you all your love to handle this situation. It can be helpful to remind yourself that your child’s hostile behaviour is not a conscious decision, but an emergency measure of the young brain to handle an emotional overload that feels too much to bear.

Acknowledge how challenging it might be for your child to be in two different homes as they settle into this new dynamic. Bedtime can be a great time to bring in a sense of understanding.

“Oh, you are missing Mom/Dad right now, aren’t you? Tell me, which book is he/she reading to you right now? Oh, this is a wonderful story!”

When your child starts telling happily about the great time they are having with the other parent, listen and encourage the love they are expressing.

Let them FEEL what’s real for them.

Your children will find their own balance and settle into the new normal if they feel they can cry in your arms instead of bravely swallowing their tears down and pretending to be happy to avoid sad or angry reactions from Mom or Dad.

In the day-to-day, children do not directly express their sadness about the separation, but about small frustrations of everyday life. Use every opportunity to comfort and encourage the signs of grief in the child, even if the reason seems unrelated to you.

There are circumstances when your child does not want to see you or hangs up when you phone or does not answer your text messages and emails. Many parents feel rejected and stop reaching out and trying to restore their connection.

Yet the response that will repair this relationship over time is to hold the bigger picture and understand what this is really about – your child feeling overwhelmed and caught in the tension of the separation.

Keep reaching out without expectation, stay friendly, send thoughtful gestures, and signal dependability. Your child is much more in need of your responsible caretaking than might be obvious right now.

It’s really important not to share your emotions with your child, don’t make them responsible for your feelings. Saying things like “I will be very sad if you do not want to come.” will have them move away from the feelings of guilt or responsibility statements like that impose.

Focus your time together on what your child really enjoys doing. Healthy attachment is best supported by sharing time together. If possible, spend time with each of your children alone to deepen the connection individually.

But my ex isn’t doing any of this …

This might be what points to some of the reasons you broke up. Yet, despite the fact of how “impossible” your ex is behaving: they are your child’s other parent, and your child loves their parent. Our children do best when they feel free to love both of their parents.

You can hang a photograph of the other parent in your child’s room, and talk as friendly as possible about the other parent. If you can do this for your child, there is at least one parent who is supporting love to flow.

Divorce is hard. Co-parenting when you are trying to work together from a place of pain can be exhausting. AND you want what is best for your children.

About  Johanna Lynn

Johanna Lynn is the founder of The Family Imprint Institute with over 20 years of experience. She specialises in supporting individuals navigating divorce, helping them uncover the root causes behind their separation. Johanna uses innovative mind-body techniques to illuminate how family dynamics influence relationships, providing clients with deep insights, clarity and healing.

Child Arrangement Orders: All You Need to Know
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Child Arrangement Orders: All You Need to Know

Anthony Parrish
Anthony Parrish
Partner
Jones Myers

Child Arrangement Orders are a vital framework for promoting the well-being of children involved in relationship breakdown.

They are particularly important during emotionally challenging times such as separation or divorce, when relationships may be strained. This article shares some key insights on their role in divorce and separation.

What is a Child Arrangement Order?

A Child Arrangement Order is a legally binding order made by a court to establish who a child should live with and the amount of time they should spend with the non-resident parent or other family members, most notably grandparents.

If you are a parent, you can seek a Child Arrangement Order through the Court. Grandparents can also apply for such an order but firstly require the Court’s permission to do so. Such orders are commonly sought in cases where the parents have separated or when obstacles arise that prevent grandparents from having access to their grandchildren.

Why do I need a Child Arrangement Order?

There are numerous situations that may lead you to consider applying to the court for a Child Arrangement Order. They range from the need to establish specific arrangements for your child’s daily life to resolving disputes related to school holidays.

It’s important to recognise that each case is family specific, and seeking guidance from a specialist firm such as Jones Myers is strongly recommended to receive appropriate advice tailored to your specific circumstances.

What will a court consider when making a Child Arrangement Order?

When parties are unable to reach a mutual agreement, the court takes several factors into account which include the child’s best interests and considerations such as the child’s wishes and feelings, particularly when they are older. The court also evaluates the child’s physical, emotional, and educational requirements, as well as the potential impact of any substantial changes in their circumstances.

Additional factors taken into consideration include the child’s age, any known instances of harm or potential risks to the child themselves and the respective abilities of each parent to meet the child’s needs. These elements collectively shape the court’s decision-making process with the ultimate goal of safeguarding the child’s well-being.

Read more articles by Anthony Parrish and Jones Myers.

About Anthony Parrish

Anthony Parrish’s extensive experience in family law spans over two decades, during which time he has developed specialisms in matters relating to children law.

A member of Jones Myers internationally renowned Children’s Department, he deals with issues relating to children, teenagers, parents (including those represented through their official solicitor) and local authorities.

His expertise also encompasses international child abduction cases and same sex relationship issues.

What Helps Children of Divorce Cope Interview
Thumbnail for the YouTube video "What Helps Children Cope with Divorce? - TDM Expert Interviews (EP. 5 ) - Dr Soila Sindiyo"
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What Helps Children Cope With Divorce? – TDM Expert Interviews

Soila Sindiyo
Dr Soila Sindiyo
Counselling Psychologist and Founding Editor of The Divorce Magazine

Delve into a comprehensive exploration of children and divorce with Dr. Soila Sindiyo, Founding Editor of The Divorce Magazine and a HCPC registered Counselling Psychologist. In this enlightening interview, Dr. Sindiyo shares crucial insights into recognising signs of a child struggling with divorce, offering invaluable tips on supporting children of divorce through the process, and fostering their wellbeing during and after the proceedings.

Gain a deeper understanding of the psychological impact on children and discover actionable advice to help them not just cope but thrive. Explore the full transcript to equip yourself with essential knowledge for navigating the complexities of divorce with children involved.

Read on for the full transcript of our video, “What Helps Children Cope With Divorce?”

[Music]

Hi everyone so today we are filming episode five of The Divorce Magazine expert interviews,  and today we’re actually going to be speaking to the Founder of The Divorce Magazine Soila. So Soila do you want to introduce yourself and say a bit about yourself?

Yeah, so my name is Soila, I am, uh, the Founder of The Divorce Magazine I’ve been, well now we, because now it’s not just me anymore have been um, working and running The Divorce Magazine for quite a few years now. Um, and what it is it’s actually um, what we would call a bridge between the divorce professionals, and their clients that they’re looking for.

So we offer um, we get contributions from divorce professionals only, and no bloggers, and um, um, that they give us contributions of articles on all kinds of issues to do with divorce and separations and then our readers are very much um, clients or people who are looking um, for assistance or help support and guidance from divorce professionals.

So we’re kind of like a bridge an online magazine that’s bridging between, the divorce professionals and the clients or those who are going through divorce and um, and separation.

Um, so that’s one part of me, the other part of me the hat that I’ll be wearing today is um, uh, Doctor and Counselling Psychology and I’ve been working with children and families um, goodness I don’t know how long actually when I, maybe I do and I don’t want to say but anyway um, I’ve been working with children and families for let’s say over a decade or so um, but now um, it seems like my work has become very, very focussed on working with divorce and what comes through with divorce.

Whether it’s their parents um, whether it’s their families, their dads, their mums, whoever, is embroiled in this world of divorce which can be quite difficult and confusing.

Perfect thank you. So today we’re going to be talking about sort of, like what helps children cope with divorce and stuff so, it would be really interesting to hear what you have to say about it.

What helps children of divorce cope?

So my first question is what actually helps children cope with divorce? Um, yeah I think the first thing that I would say is, just for, parents to realise that the moment that we tell our children that um, we’re going to divorce, or that they’re going to divorce and separate, or they’re going to live in different households um, not to assume that the children saw it coming.

Even where there has been a lot of acrimony and there has been violence, not to just assume that the children know this has been coming. To actually treat it like it’s news to the children and to take it from there because that moment can be a watershed moment for the children and uh, and then the other thing that can help them cope with the divorce is to be able to answer their questions as much as possible. “When am I going to see my dad?” “When am I going to see my mum?” “Where am I going to be living?” “Where are you going to be living?”

You know just answer their questions as they come. Because one, one um, psychologist that I love dearly um, he’s no longer with us but you know his name is Haim Ginott and he wrote a book on uh, Between Parent and Child, and one of the things he says in that book is “children don’t ask a question to which they have an answer.”

So when you’re going through divorce, and your child asks questions and you think, ‘well they should know the answer to that’ actually they don’t, it’s a whole new world that they’re trying to manoeuvre now.

You know, “mummy and daddy are no longer in the same house um, what does that mean?” Whichever parent has moved out of the house, whether it’s mum or dad and they’ve moved out of the house, let the children know where you are, if they can come and see where you are, and you know sometimes it’s really difficult and it can be in a bedsit that the one parent has moved to go and live in a bedsit because of financial reasons. It’s okay let your child come and see where you are so that they don’t have this whole um, questions in their mind, “where is daddy?” “Where is mummy?” “Where are they living?” “Are they safe?” “Are they okay?” Because they will ask those questions.

So it’s very much about, you know helping them cope, answering the questions, providing them with uh, the other thing that I would say um, to help them really, really cope, if their lives can remain as, it was before the divorce as much as possible, a lot of the times it’s not possible, but um, if it cannot remain that meaning that um, they go to the same school, they have the same friends, um, they still remain in contact with mummy’s family, with daddy’s family, they still see the grandparents if that can still remain the same for them, then that would be absolutely great for them.

If it cannot, then you have to be aware of how those changes are going to affect them because their world now has changed, and it will change even more if suddenly they can’t see the people that they have been seeing. So security, stability, predictability, if they can have that post-divorce then that would be really helpful for them, it can help them cope a lot yeah.

Are there tell-tale signs if the child is not coping with divorce?

Amazing, and so is there anything that you would say is like a tell-tale sign if they’re not coping with divorce? Yeah, um, yeah and this can also be dependent on age.

So let’s say through the, childhood lifespan if I can call it that um, some of the common uh, or usual um, observations that you can make if your child has not been able to cope or is not coping with divorce, is they can maybe withdraw, and just become really silent and this is something that you can even see with really young children even toddlers where they just become really quiet.

Um, sometimes people say “oh then, he’s just a baby, he doesn’t understand that mummy doesn’t live with us anymore or daddy doesn’t live with us anymore.” But if you look at that baby, the baby is aware that there’s a vacuum in the house that has been created.

There’s somebody I’m not seeing or hearing regularly um, so do they become withdrawn or, do they have mood swings do they go from being really quiet and then they just go they’re really quick to anger, which is usually um, one of the biggest signs that they’re not coping and they, you know really quick to anger. Are they um, just being fussy, wingy, whiny, what, what’s going on for them so it’s something to look for, to look, not forward to, but to look out for.

And then um, the other thing that can tell you if they’re not coping, is if, it, if their sleeping habits have changed. If they’re either sleeping too much or too little, if they’re eating too much or too little, whatever changes that you can see um, in terms of what you know how, how, how you would know.

And for some children, and this can happen even with children who are like 10 um, so it’s not just toddlers, they can become very clingy. So they want to know where everybody is, if dad gets up to go to the kitchen to get a coffee, “dad where are you going?” When you know and just, I need to know where everybody is, which can also, it can be so frustrating for parents, “I’m just going to have a shower, can I have that?” You know and it’s like yeah and you might open the door, and you might find them sited outside waiting for you, so they might actually be quite clingy.

Um, I think also, with little ones maybe, let me think and I’m not putting this in stone, but maybe children who are even up to 7/8, you might see some signs of regression. Um, meaning they start doing things that they used to do when they were little um, maybe the foods that they wanted to eat when they were little, if they only wanted to eat pasta with cheese for instance and they haven’t done that for, three years and now it’s just pasta and cheese it’s kind of like their comfort food, have they regressed in one way or the other.

Some children will, stop being able to do things for themselves it’s like “help me put on my jumper” and you’ve been doing that for the last 6 months but now it’s like, “I don’t know how put on my jumper.” So any signs of regression um, yeah I think I mean there, there are loads of other ones, I can’t think of all of them are not coming right now but yeah, those are some of the signs that can tell you when your child is not coping um, with, with, with the divorce or the new home situation.

What are the effects of divorce on children?

And what would you say are the effects of divorce on children? What are like the top ones that you can think of? The top ones that I can think of are, let’s say with school age children, it can be concentration, lack of focus they’re not able to focus anymore um, in school in class um, they’re, wondering “who’s picking me up”, “who’s dropping me off”, “what’s that going to be like” so the school um, environment can be affected.

Um, with older children who are probably sitting for assessments and so forth or have homework, you might see falling grades um, sometimes I’ve had parents who say oh no, no, no, no, the school is fine you know they’re happy, their grades are good, they’ve kept up with their grades and that’s great so that environment has not been affected probably because they’re still in the same school, it’s still the au pair, or the nanny, or the mum, or the grandparent, or the dad who’s picking them up so that side hasn’t change, which is great.

Um, and then the other thing that I can think of um, is the effects of, of divorce on children so you have, the school you have the fears that they might have um, you might have their view of the world you know with the older children for instance you know the world is broken, you know so, “don’t tell me what to do.” So they might become more belligerent, with whatever it is and not just with the parent, but also with other people in their lives. Um, yeah, so that’s, yeah, so that’s some of them.

What advice would you give to parents who are seeing a change in their child?

And what advice would you give to parents who are kind of like seeing a change in their child’s behaviour? How can they manage that? I would say with that um, if you see there’s a change in your child’s behaviour, name it.

Talk to them about it, bring it up, um, don’t, it’s almost like I remember um, attending this training and one thing you know one, two, two, three words I guess it is that, that um, I came away with it’s like connection before correction. So if you have, if you see your child’s behaviour is changing, then meet them where they are because their world has changed not, out of choice, but meet them where they are.

Um, name it say it um, you know “I’ve noticed that for the past week, or for the past two weeks, or the past six months”, or whatever you want you know however long it’s been um, “you’ve been kind of quiet you know um, and I’m just wondering you know how I can help and I’m thinking maybe it’s because of the divorce your dad and I, your mum and I” you know, um, “we’ve been through, I don’t know you know, it’s just something that I’ve noticed is going on with you.”

If they’re, so just reflecting back and we’ll talk about reflexivity again I’m sure but um, yeah as soon as you see any changes in behaviour name it, let them know that you’ve seen them, reflect it back to them um, and please let school know what’s going on at home, you know don’t tell the children “don’t tell school”, you know “don’t take our business to school” not at all because what you’re asking them, is to leave this house that’s already probably bringing them a lot of anxieties and insecurities and so forth, stay with it from 9 to 3:30 or 6 if they’re staying for after school club and then come home with it…

Quite a big ask for children so please let school know what’s going on so that they have somebody in school who’s looking after them. They need looking after nurturing as much as possible, yeah, I’m not sure if I’ve answered your question Amey, yeah, no that was really good really, really.

How much should a parent tell their child about the divorce?

And then so kind of following on from that, when the parents do speak to the children and tell them that they are getting a divorce or they are separating, how much should they actually tell the child about the divorce?

Okay, yeah, this is a question that I really get a lot um, ‘how much do I tell my child’. I always think, age appropriateness. Right um, first of all don’t speak disparagingly or denigrate the other parent and I know maybe I’ll get a bit of backlash from this no matter what they’ve done.

If mum has gone off and had an affair, and this is what’s breaking the, the family up, the child doesn’t really need to know everything about that. You know they don’t need to know oh “she went and had an affair with your PE teacher” I don’t know, you know, it doesn’t need to be said it can just be “something has changed” depending on what age the child is.

Older children, might have an idea already that mum or dad is having an affair or you know dad is going off, or mum is drinking too much they might know that there’s something already amiss. How much do you tell them? You tell them what they need to know.

So “we’re not living together anymore”, “we’re going to separate”, answer all the questions again, but don’t tell them how bad or how horrible the other parent has been and how they’ve mistreated you throughout the whole marriage and everything because as soon as you start doing that, and you start, and I use the word “vomiting everything on top of your child”, they have no way of cleaning up. They don’t have the power, to process and they don’t know where, where to put this you know.

Um, and I will say that with, even with older children/teenagers, let them find out that actually mum has always been really mean to dad and now I can see it, let them find out for themselves. Or, you know um, dad has been always mean to dad and this is how, you know this is why they don’t get on, they’ll find out for themselves. Your job at that moment is to actually continue nurturing them, looking after them, answering the qu, their questions in a way that you’re not putting adult matters on them.

They, they don’t need to know about the court case that’s happening next week and how – said this and how the um, report from the contact centre said that mum is not doing, they don’t need to know all of that. All they need to know is “where are my parents?”, “Am I okay?”, “Will this be okay?” Yeah, perfect.

What is the best co-parenting plan / child arrangement plan?

And what would you say is the best co-parenting plan or child arrangement? I know you’ve spoken with Beth about, you know bird nesting and co-parenting so I’d like to know what, what do you think is the best arrangement?

Yeah, the answer to that that I would come up with is when it’s completely child focussed. It’s child focussed, child-centred, that’s the best co-parenting plan. Um, a lot of the times when I’ve worked with parents uh, I’ve had parents who will come and the child arrangement that they’re coming with is completely focussed on the parents. “I want to see my child”, “I want to see my son”, “I want to see my daughter” and, so which means that their little tiny children who move between homes midweek um, and uh, and when, or if they’re away from the other parent, the other parent doesn’t want them to get in touch with them because “it’s my time with my child.”

When it’s child-centred and child-focussed, “how can I make their world better” then you get a really good co-parenting plan. Um, and it’s hard sometimes especially when you don’t get on with the other parent, it’s really hard, it’s like grr, “I really don’t want to see her today I don’t”, “it’s Thursday she’s coming to you know”, put on your, big girls blouse, pants whatever, and do what you need to do, to make sure that your child says “bye mum, bye dad, I’ll see you later” as opposed to going “dad can we go now, can we go now, can we go now” or having your seven-year-old saying “it’s okay dad I’ll go and meet mum, at you know at the gate myself.”

You know all of that because they don’t want the animosity so the, the co-parenting plan um, is when it’s very, very focussed and I will say as structured as possible, because children need to know, ‘who am I with when, what time’, ‘how am I getting there’, then you’re giving them stability and security in their lives.

With bird nesting, which is um, for those who don’t know we have actually a video on, on um, on The Divorce Magazine about bird nesting and another article about bird nesting but it’s where the children remain in the house, and then the parents move out. So, and then they alternate so this day, daddy comes to the house and looks after the children for a week let’s say and then the next week mum or other dad comes to the house and looks after the children for that week and um, so they stay in, in the house.

And um, I like that I have to say, I like that because if I keep talking about predictability and um, predictability and stability for the children and consistency, that’s a really good way of there being consistency and predictability so they don’t forget “I forgot my homework books at dad’s house”, “I forgot this at, at you know mum’s house” and so forth. So there’s you know there isn’t any of that.

Um, I think in that interview with Beth I actually mentioned having spoken with an adult child of divorce recently when I knew I was going to, to interview Beth, and I asked her “would that have worked for her? Can she imagine that being um, for her? And um, and she said, “I don’t know because it means that I’m left in the house that, where everything broke down and then you get to leave.” Right, “maybe I want to leave, maybe I want a change from one home to the other.”

So there’s that to also keep in mind and, and the other thing with bird nesting it’s not for everybody, because where there is like Beth was saying “where there’s substance abuse, where there’s domestic abuse um, where there psychological emotional”, where there’s you know it’s really, really uh, conducive for the other parent, then maybe bird nesting is not the way. Maybe the other parent who’s going through, whatever form of abuse, or if they, if that the, the parent with a substance abuse is there, maybe not sharing a home you know in that way and having a break could be better for that parent, but then it reflects back to the children. Yeah.

How can parents encourage their children to express their feelings?

And how would you say um, parents can encourage their children to express their feelings and concerns when going through the whole divorce process? I love this question um, why do I like it? Because uh, it talks of reflexivity.

And um, reflexivity is when you reflect back to the child, what’s going on. So like if you think of the child’s mind like uh, black box we don’t know really what’s going on in there, so we are trying to find out and, whatever is in the child’s mind, is showing in their behaviour, just like whatever is in our mind comes out in our behaviour.

So with a child um, when you keep reflecting back to them um, you know “seeing daddy leave might you know seems like it made you sad or, it seems like this new setup is frustrating you”, you’re encouraging them to, acknowledge their own feelings for one and saying to them “you know what, what you’re feeling is actually right, it’s valid, it’s spot on” um, as opposed to not mentioning it or, dismissing it and saying “oh I know your dad’s just left but you’re not going to play up with me” you know “that’s it go to the bath, have your bath like I said” and they just like, you know “I just want to see my dad”, “I just want to see my mum”, you know that kind of thing.

So reflecting back and telling them, “I can see you, I hear you, I see what is going on.” When you reflect back to them, then also what you’re saying to them is that “this is what we need to do”, we need to acknowledge, we need to talk about our feelings and it’s okay sometimes to actually say “you know what, I feel sad that the marriage has broken down as well” you know, “I feel sad about it and I struggle sometimes” um, you know with this or with that but just encouraging them to talk to about their feelings.

But it means that as parents we need to be very vigilant about what is going on in this child, and reflecting it back to them and then they learn, ah, so this is how I’m feeling and it’s okay, I get it. I’m not saying they won’t play up, you know they will but at least their feelings have been acknowledged and it’s okay they might say “I’m really angry with you, I hate you so much” and when they say that it’s because they’re really, really angry that’s their way to show that they’re really angry so just saying to them, “yeah I know you say you hate me and I think what you’re telling me is that you’re really, really angry with me.”

Yeah, yeah, I like that it’s really like validating to the child and making them yeah, yeah. And validating is the word actually it’s validating their feelings yeah, absolutely.

How do I ensure my child thrives not only during a divorce, but afterwards as well?

Erm, so what’s the most important piece of advice the parents who want to ensure their children thrive during, but also after the divorce as well? It’s a tricky question but, it’s a very tricky question and it’s kind of like a big question and I’m thinking um, the most important advice and this is so hard because divorce brings out the worst in us.

You know you can do things during the divorce process that, if anyone had told you, you were going to do that you’d be like “absolutely not, that’s not me”, right and then you go through divorce and you’re like, all guns blazing and you’re, you’re annoyed.

But I think the most important advice that I would give um, to parents is please don’t denigrate or disparage the other child’s the, the child’s other parent, to the child or within ears shot of the child. Don’t talk about what a lousy dad or piece of whatever mum can be and she’s a this and he’s a that, don’t do that when the child is there or when they can hear it.

Don’t argue with the other parent over the phone and say “you always come late I can’t believe it no, no, no.” Don’t create an environment that is causing anxiety to your child. Be the adult in the room, take that anxiety, and take it somewhere else but don’t give it to the child. Don’t think the child needs to know what kind of a dad he is or what kind of a mum she is he doesn’t, or she doesn’t or they don’t.

What they need to know is, my world is going to be okay, and we are the ones who are going to have to do that. So take your anxieties, anger and put them somewhere else, don’t put them on the child and if ever you do, say something that is not nice about the other parent, to the child, apologise. And even if it’s the next day you just say “ do you know what I’ve been thinking I shouldn’t have said that about your dad, because he is your dad I shouldn’t have said that” how, even if you’re thinking ‘I said it because I really mean it’, you’re looking after your child. Yeah. And that’s what matters most. Yeah, yeah.

Amazing, well that’s all the questions I have today but thank you so much, really, really insightful and hopefully these resonate with some people and it helps them kind of navigate the whole process through divorce and separation. Yes, yeah and, and just as a parting you know, note um, like I said to you one time divorce will always be a watershed moment for the children but what happens after, that, that can be the biggest, I would say probably the primary trauma in their lives, what happens after that. Mum and Dad splitting up, one thing, how it’s managed, that’s the most important thing, from then on. Yeah. Okay thank you, thank you so much, thank you, take care.

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Read more articles by Dr Soila Sindiyo.

About Dr Soila Sindiyo

Dr Soila Sindiyo is a counselling psychologist and a child development psychologist who has worked with children, young people and families for several years. She is the founding editor of The Divorce Magazine and is an accredited Positive Parenting Program (Triple P) practitioner.

Her private practice website parentinglives.co.uk.

What is Parental Alienation? – A Deep Dive into Complex Family Relationships
Thumbnail for the YouTube video "What is Parental Alienation? - TDM Expert Interviews (EP. 4) - Dr Amy Baker"
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What is Parental Alienation? – A Deep Dive into Complex Family Relationships

Dr Amy J.L. Baker
Dr Amy J.L. Baker
Parental Alienation Researcher, Expert, Author, Coach

Join us as we speak to Dr Amy J.L. Baker, international expert in parental alienation and parent-child relationships, as we delve into the world of parental alienation. In this insightful interview, Amy uncovers everything you need to know about parental alienation and the importance of maintaining a loving relationship, despite the hatred from the alienated child.

Discover what parental alienation really means, how it is manifested, why it occurs and practical advice to help you cope if you find yourself victim of parental alienation.

Read on for the full transcript of our video, “What is Parental Alienation?”

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Hi Dr Amy um, Dr Amy J.L. Baker that’s your website so if anybody wants to try and find you they will, they will be able to get you on that website but I’ll repeat it again at some point so that those who might have missed it will get it. So thank you so much for agreeing to, uh interview request for The Divorce Magazine which is if anybody doesn’t know who’s listening The Divorce Magazine is an online magazine in the UK, that covers all matters divorce, um from children, families, parents, finances, mortgages, pensions, all kinds of issues that um, that come with divorce and we only ever have experts and professionals in divorce, who we feature their content in terms of articles, interviews like in this, this um instance where we have Amy.

So Amy I’ll, I’ll introduce you if I miss anything just let me know okay? All right, so I went on your website although I mean I knew about you way before but today I went on your website, and it started off by saying that you’re are “nationally recognised” and I thought nationally? I think internationally because I’m in London and I can’t be the only one in London who knows about you, so I will introduce you by saying you’re an internationally recognised expert in parental alienation, um in parent-child relationships, and in children of divorce and those who have experienced emotional abuse as children, uh or in childhood.

And Amy is also the author of 10 books, um and also you have 120 academic papers published which is quite impressive. I’m yet to do my first one so you know that’s, that’s quite impressive and all this is to do with um the wellbeing of children, um so yeah so that’s, that’s really quite an extensive work piece of not piece, pieces of work that you have done over the years um. I also saw on your website that you do offer coaching and your coaching is very solution based / focused and goal-oriented um, to parents assuming parents who are experiencing or who have experienced parental alienation.

Have I missed out anything Amy? That’s all the good stuff. Okay, alright and just again Amy’s website is amyjlbaker.com.

How did you get into the world of parental alienation?

So before we get into the whole world of Parental Alienation, what brought you to the world of parental alienation? How did you get there?

It’s really just another facet of what I’m interested in which is distorted parent child relationships and I’ve looked at that from many different perspectives. And, I didn’t really anticipate when I did my first book, so I started that research in 2005 for the first book which came out in 2007, I didn’t really realise how it was going to take over my life, it was just another piece of work that I did but I went to I, it, you know the work was sort of big enough that it turned into a book and then I went to my first book talk, and, people were like clutching my book. And one woman came up to me and said something like you know, “page 153 saved my life”. It was so touching and you know as a researcher most of the time you do a study, you write it up, it ends up in a journal other researchers if you’re lucky are reading it and building on it but this, work that I’ve done has a, consumer based sort of people hungry to learn more targeted parents are so, um, dedicated to educating themselves and understanding what’s happening. And so, they sort of in a way demanded it but in a good sense that I continue to do this work.

So I felt like I’m, you know every time I give a talk, a book talk or a workshop or whatever people come up to me “well have you looked at this”, “have you looked at that” and so it’s sort of one thing just kind of builds on another so, I didn’t have a particular reason why I got into it, but then once I did I just sort of stayed in this world and spend about half my time every week, thinking about and working on parental alienation in one way or another. Yeah, yeah, and you’re right actually from my experience of working with parents who are experiencing parental alienation, the need to know more and the need to educate themselves is actually quite strong I had not put that link together but yeah.

What is parental alienation?

So what is parental alienation? Well, the sort of a working definition is that it’s a family dynamic in which one parent fosters in the child an unjustified rejection of, of the other parent so the premise, built into that definition is that, some kids reject a parent, and when they do, it could be alienation that they’ve been kind of put up to it by the other parent but it doesn’t have to be.

It could be that the parent they’re rejecting, is so suboptimal or outright abusive, or neglectful that the child has a legitimate reason to reject that parent and that’s what we call ‘estrangement’. So we reserve the term ‘alienation’ for when the child’s been manipulated and to be clear, the parent engaging in the manipulation doesn’t have to be doing it consciously. Right, they so it doesn’t have to be “I’m going to turn the children against you” it just could be they’re engaging in these behaviours that, foster and the child the false belief, that the other parent is unsafe, unloving, and unavailable.

How can you tell when it’s parental alienation? How does it manifest itself?

Right, okay and so you’ve talked about estrangement, you’ve talked about parental alienation, and I don’t want to go into what the big main difference is um, but I’m just thinking how can you tell when it’s parental alienation? How does it manifest itself? So that’s a great question because, um, it is really important to get that right because the, the interventions, the court interventions, the mental health interventions would be very different.

If the child’s rejecting a parent who beat them, or abandoned them, or molested them, we would hold the rejected parent to a very high standard before they could have access to their child again and the treatment would involve that parent sort of atoning for their bad behaviour and helping the child know that it’s not their fault Etc. But when it’s alienation, the treatment is very different it’s really about correcting the child’s distortions. Like you would perceive that parent as unsafe, unloving, and unavailable when they’re actually not. So it is very, very important to get it right, is it alienation or is it estrangement.

And because that’s so important we put a lot of thought into this in the field and we’ve created, what used to be called the Five Factor Model but for a couple of reasons we’re now calling it “The Baker Model” and according, for me, uh, The Baker Model um, specifies that five things need to be present in order to say that a child who’s rejecting a parent is alienated, as opposed to estranged. Right. So the five things are:

The first factor and the, The Baker Model which used to be called Five Factor Model I’m going to call them factors, the first factor is that there is actually a breach in the relationship. So you’re not even going to wonder is it alienation or estrangement unless there’s a breach in the relationship and the child is very disaffected from a parent. That’s, pretty much the one factor that everybody agrees on. The favoured parent and the rejected parent both agree yep there’s a problem here this kid is very hurt, angry, rejecting, and distant from one parent.

The second factor, is that there was a prior positive relationship between the child and the parent whom the child is now rejecting. That means that their normative parenting flaws, you know, are not so well, the parenting flaws are not so egregious that they would cause a child to reject them. they’re just a regular parent who’s put in their time, and love, and affection into the relationship, there was a solid foundation at some point. And this prevents people, I’ve had actually cases where somebody was gone for like 10 years and then they come back and the child rejects them, and it’s like, no that’s not necessarily alienation like you abandon your child, you haven’t been there you haven’t, you didn’t have a relationship, so you can’t claim it’s alienation there has to have been a relationship that was disrupted to say that it’s alienation.

Factor three is that the rejected parent has not abused or neglected the child, so absence of abuse or neglect. It’s possible you could have been a pretty good parent and then you engaged in some kind of abuse and now your child’s rejecting you, that would rule out alienation. So to be clear, if there’s evidence of abuse, it cannot be alienation. Just we never want to say that an abused child is an alienated child.

Factor four, is evidence not supposition, not guessing, not inference, evidence that the favoured parent has engaged in multiple, no specific number, multiple, of the 17 Primary Parental Alienation Strategies. These are the behaviours that research shows can induce in a child the false belief, that, a parent is unsafe, unloving, and unavailable when that is not the case.

And then the final factor is that the child is exhibiting the “8 Behavioural Manifestations of Alienation” and these, I’m, I could go into them if you want but they’re also readily available in line for anybody who just Googles “The 8 Behavioural Manifestations of Alienation”. And it’s not, rejecting the parent because that’s already embedded in the model, eight other behaviours, and the interesting thing about those behaviours is, we now have research that demonstrates that even kids who have been abused, severely, physically, abused by a parent do not exhibit these eight behaviours towards that abusive parent. These behaviours are really unique and specific to alienated kids.

Can you give us just, if not eight of them just, which ones you would um, just any of them the a, um, well the campaign of denigration that’s the first one, and I have to say the names are somewhat confusing, or not necessarily as clear like ‘what’s the campaign of denigration?’ but what it basically means is that the child is over the top negative, towards the rejected parent. Gleefully telling everybody that’s the campaign part, “my mother’s a whore”, “my father’s a monster”, just like, absolutely willing to announce to the world, um, how horrible and disgusting. And this is very different than abuse kids, who it really takes them a long time to even admit that a parent’s abusive and they’re still protective of that parent and they, generally feel like it’s their fault that the parent abused them so they’re not so happy to let other people know that they’ve been abused.

But also within the campaign of denigration, involves, denying any past positive relationship. So if you take a kid who’s actually been abused and you say “tell me something fun you did with mom, when you were younger” the kid can readily, think of fun things but alienated kids, whose parent didn’t actually even abuse them, will say “I can’t think of anything good that parent did, nothing comes to mind” and even if you, this is true if you show them a picture, of themselves looking like they’re having a good time they will say either “that’s not me”, or “well I was only smiling because my father said he would beat me up if I, you know if I didn’t smile for the camera” so it’s like again abused kids can say “yeah, you know before Mom you know, went on crack” or “before dad started doing this” or this they were pretty good and we did have fun times, only alienated kids will say nothing good about that parent.

So that’s just one, example of the 8 Behavioural Manifestation. Yeah, so they will deny any, any have happy memories and I’m assuming that the, abused child might also, the difference might be that they might be holding on to those good memories, somewhere as opposed to denying them and forgetting about them. I did a, one of my research studies was actually, um, working with a group of kids who were alienated versus kids just in a regular divorce situation and we gave them a paper and pencil measure they were, teenagers, and you know tell me one good memory you had of each parent duh, duh, duh, duh, duh, and not only did the alienated kids say like “I don’t have any good memories” but they would literally write in caps like “nothing” with 13 exclamation points I mean they are so, focussed on, making sure that everybody knows just how much they do not like that parent.

Does the child truly believe it or are they supporting the alienating parent?

That’s a lot and, and I’m sitting here thinking to myself and, you, you probably will know this when they’re doing that do they, actually really truly believe it or are they doing it because they’re just supporting the alienating parent, even when they’re absent, do they actually genuinely believe this?

Yeah, so, that’s particularly relevant for one of the 8 Behavioural Manifestations it’s called ‘absence of guilt’, and what that means is, that they don’t seem to feel badly, when they hurt the targeted parent. And, one of my little piffy, whatever, sayings is “alienation is where one parent gives the child permission to break the other parent’s heart.” Because that is you know one way to think about it is that these kids really treat their parent very, very, very badly you know “you can’t come to my, you know sweet 16 party” or “I don’t want you walking me down the aisle”, or “don’t show up for this”, or “I never loved you.”

I actually saw a video once, of an alienated kid, I guess the, for whatever reason the dad was filming this, and she said “you know Dad it’s like this. If I had a watch, and it got to be an old watch and it broke I would just throw it in the garbage. That’s how I feel about you. If you died I would just say oh well who cares.” These kids can be very, very, very callous, and when Richard Gardner coined the term absence of guilt, at the time, I think many of us assumed, that the kids actually felt no guilt while they were behaving this way. But then, in 2007, or five when I was doing the research but the first book came out in 2007, it involved interviewing adults who went through this as kids. And a lot of them talked about how guilty they felt. At the time, and later when they realised what they had done. And that’s one of the reasons that alienation is so damaging, for the child is on some level they know they are breaking their parent’s heart, they know they are being callous, and they feel very ashamed and guilty and that’s the kind of thing that stays with them as they grow up.

So to answer that was a very long way of saying, I believe that many of them feel guilty in the moment, I can’t say every single one, but the presentation is a callous presentation. “I don’t care”, “I don’t have to say thank you to this gift that you’re giving me because you’re only giving it to me to look good for the judge”, so their behaviour is very callous. But inside, I believe that many of them feel very badly about what they’re doing.

Yeah. What, what you’re speaking I’m just thinking what a difficult world to live in as a young child in this world where everything is being, turned upside down and you have no power whatsoever to restore it, to, or maybe even recognition of what is going on, um, within their inner world and their emotional world and you know, very difficult.

Does parental alienation often get physical?

I remember with working with the first, when we, before we started recording I was telling you when I first, learned about parenting alienation and it was a dad who had come to me um, who was a separated dad and, he was becoming a little bit, what he was getting worried that his daughter was now coming home, to him on the weekends or every other weekend, and um, first it was verbal, you know, “go away”, “I hate you”, but then it started escalating to pushing, to hitting, to scratching, to biting and he could not understand and it happened so fast, and when he would speak with the mom about this, the mom would say “well you know what can I do?” and when she’d go home and tell, you know he would say a couple of times he said you know “she did, try to push me down the stairs today” and, and the mom would say “well next time push harder.” So that was my first encounter with that does it, I don’t use the word always but, but does it often get physical as well?

The common element is that the kids interact with the targeted parent, in very provocative ways partly, to unconsciously, get that parent to behave badly back so that they have an excuse for cutting off that parent. In other words, what you said a moment ago is very true it’s very, very hard to live in this space of divided loyalties and, on some level it would be easier for the kids, if they’re like and I’m just going to use the example of dad being the alienator but we know it goes either way, you know Dad’s right mom’s a terrible person I’m going to cut her off, and now I know there’s good and there’s bad and I know where my you know, I’m hitching my wagon here, I know where, what’s what.

So, for a kid who again let’s say the dad’s the alienator, come, is still going back and forth when they show up at Mom’s house, they’re going to be very, very, very difficult and rejecting. Partly to trigger that parent to then do something, “fine go live with your dad”, or hitting the kid, or saying something cruel to the child and then the child’s like I’m done and, even though a child doesn’t really want to cut off a parent in the short term, immediate world that they live in, it might be easier for them and so that’s partly why they do it. So a big part of what I do in my coaching, is helping parents, I call it you know “don’t take the bait.” And, I try to teach parents lots, and lots, and lots of ways to navigate when the child is being provocative, so that they don’t become reactive either depressed and give up or, angry and unkind, because either inadvertently reinforce the lie. Right. The lie is again using the example dad’s the alienator, the lie is that Mom is unsafe, unloving, unavailable. So the kid shows up is uncooperative, or unpleasant in some way, and then if Mom behaves in a way that’s unkind, or rejecting the kid says, “oh Dad’s right”. We go, yeah, right.

What is Loyalty Conflict?

And you spoke about loyalty, and loyalty conflicts and, in your, in your book there’s some where you I think it was on, page 100 where you, I’ll just read it to you um, where you say “inside every alienated child is a child who feels rejected. This is an essential insight. Whenever your child who’s caught up in a loyalty conflict, cruelly rejects you, know that it’s actually feeling rejected by you.” Is that, in essence what loyalty conflict is? It’s in essence what alienation is. Loyalty conflict is, I don’t have a specific technical definition but it’s sort of, it could be coming from within the child. Whereas alienation is being induced by the, by a parent. Yeah.

In other words if you had two best friends who hated each other, you might feel a loyalty conflict, even if neither of them is egging you on to say “oh you should ditch that other friend” right? So loyalty, good example actually, yeah, sure we can all relate to that so loyalty conflict is more internal, and kids do feel it you know, um, that’s sort of the, sort of the breeding ground if you will of the alienation because it’s hard to be in a loyalty conflict, so one parent can scoop the child up and keep them all for themselves, you know, in a way that as I said earlier it can be relief to the child. In the long run it’s not good for kids, we, it’d be better to help them manage the loyalty conflict, manage the alienation, and obviously to get parents to stop engaging in alienation.

My focus, because this is just what um, I have access to I don’t have access to,you know favoured parents they’re not coming to me saying “teach me how not to be an alienator”, I have the targeted parents coming to me saying to me “how to deal with my child when my child accuses me of something I didn’t do”, or “teach me what to do when my child is unpleasant with me and I just don’t know what to do”, so that’s really where my heart is right now. Yeah, yeah, and you’re, and you’re right it’s, it’s exactly what I see in my own practice where, it’s usually the targeted parent who sits there and I think to myself oh my God I wish it were the other parent who was here but you know you rarely, oh no there’s one that I’m seeing at the moment, but that’s because of the place that I work with the organisation that I work with so, I have to see both parents so she she’s kind of coming in.

What would you say to the parent who is the one sending the poisonous messages?

So you mentioned already about um, the messages and denigration of the other parents so what would you say to a parent who’s the one who where they know that their poisonous messages being sent, and the child is reacting to? So what would you do when your ex is sending poisonous messages? I mean it’s like you know because I actually, my latest book is called “Parenting Under Fire” right, and the first third of the book is, that’s what it is. Is um, how do you interact with a child who’s being provocative, who’s being basically convinced that you don’t love them or that you’re are not safe?

And I’ll just talk high level for a moment the way that I think about it, is, turning up the volume on the positive, parts of the relationship or otherwise called “enhancing the attachment” and that is something that a lot of parents don’t do you know there’s some interesting research, like especially with much younger kids that like with a toddler, a parent gives several hundred commands a day. “Don’t do this”, “don’t do that”, “hold my hand”, “don’t spill your milk”, you know “now we’re going to the playground”, “put on your coat.” It’s just command, command, command, command, command. And so part of what I think is important for parents who are dealing with this, is to make sure, that they are infusing the relationship with a feeling of love and safety and belonging, for the child.

And, it’s not as simple as saying “I’m a safe parent.” I mean I wish it were, but it’s not, it’s about being safe, loving, and available and I’ll just give you one example because it’s sort of my, one of my favourite ones. How you say “yes” or how you say “no” to your child matters and this is something that a lot of people just don’t think about that much like if your child says to you “can I have ice cream for breakfast?” Most likely a parent would say, even forgetting about alienation like “what are you talking about, we don’t need ice cream for breakfast” and targeted parent might say “who told you to ask me did your mother?” Let’s say it’s the dad, “did your mother put you up to this?” Right, “do you get to eat ice cream at the other parents house?” Like they might, start trying to figure out is this alienation going on? Why is my kid, asking for something? Where now I’m going to have to say no.

What I work on with my clients is, to think about how they say no, not just saying no. So for example, I teach them this skill called “joining the wish.” So instead of saying “ice cream isn’t healthy why would you have”, you know all that negativity, right, which makes a child feel badly about themselves, “why would you ask rice cream for breakfast?” You’re basically saying “you stupid idiot” right, or “you know we don’t eat ice cream for breakfast”, now you’re calling your child like a liar. So instead you say “oh man, I wish ice cream were a healthy breakfast choice, you can have that later, now you can choose between pancakes and waffles.” And I don’t care what it is “Dad give me a million bucks”, “I wish I had a million bucks to give you, what would you do with it? Tell me how you would spend it?”

Likewise, even saying yes, it’s how you say yes that matters, so imagine you have a teenager who says, you know “can I have 20 bucks to go to the mall?” You could literally take a $20 bill and throw it at them and say “here take your stupid money.” They’re getting the money, but it’s you know, ruined basically with the negativity or you could say “you know what, yes, I have $20 extra I’d love to give it to you, I hope you have a blast, here it is.” So how we do things matters I think more than people, parents kind of realise.

And then the third example is, if your, let’s say, it’s 11 o’ at night your kids’ in bed, you’re in bed, ready for bed and your kids says “oh my God Mom I forgot I have to bring cupcakes to school tomorrow” and, you know the supermarket’s closing we have to go now right now. I’m not saying you have to do it, and that’s a different calculation – are you going to do it or are you going to teach your child a lesson and responsibility? That’s for you to figure out depending on, you know is this the first time this has happened or the 10th time that’s happened but let’s say you’re going to do it. If you’re going to do it, do it with love. Do not lecture your child about how irresponsible they are, how inconvenient it is, you know rolling your eyes and huffing and puffing, “let’s just get this done”, “I can’t believe you forgot again”, because at the end of that little trip to the supermarket, yeah, you might think like wow what a hero I am I took my child to the store and I didn’t have to, but all the child’s gonna think is yeah, “Dad’s right, mom’s not very nice”.

Yeah. What I teach parents is, if you do it, do it with love. And the next day you can say to your child “you know, that wasn’t so convenient, to have to go to the store at 11 o’clock at night. What could we do so that doesn’t happen again?” And so the things to notice is there’s no shaming, no blaming, not like you were bad, you were wrong, it’s that wasn’t convenient, so you’re talking for yourself, I didn’t love having to get dressed after I was in my pyjamas, and then you’re engaging in mutual problem solving, what could we do, so that doesn’t happen again? And maybe you and the kid will come up with a really cool solution, like when you pick the child up from school every day, before you drive home, you say “anything you need?” Or maybe there’s a Post-It note on the refrigerator, or maybe you decide, this child’s old enough and the two of you agree, that it’s the child’s responsibility, and if they remember before 10 o’clock at night you will take them someplace to get what they need but if it’s after that, you might not feel like it. But the solution, ideally comes from the child.

Yeah, yeah. And then you say to the child “let’s check in, in a couple weeks and see how our solution is working”, because sometimes the first solution works but not always, and you’re teaching your child, respectful communication, mutually respectful problem solving, and your child’s going to feel so much better about the relationship, and that’s really what you want you want to teach your child the values of responsibility, right? You don’t want to be at your child’s mercy like, “it’s 3 in the morning and I want to go get poster board”, you know, you’re not, that’s obviously not ideal for the child, yeah, but more important than teaching the child responsibility, is teaching the child that you, you, love them, and that, you can work out problems in a way that feels good for both of you.

How does the affected parent still act with love, despite all the hatred from the alienated child?

I’m sitting here and I’m thinking to myself how with, with you know listening to some of the parents that I’ve worked with, where they get so affected by what is happening to them where the child is you know is telling them “I hate you”, “go away” you know, just, really going at them bubbly and sometimes you know just trying to get them, locking them in the bathroom when they go in, they try and lock them in, and they laugh and, and everything like that. Um, and they, the feelings they might be carrying with them at that moment where they think that, they feel really angry, rejected, and then having to then respond with love, it might not be that straightforward. So how, how do they, how do they manage all the, I would call them “natural feelings” that would come from the hate that is being shown towards them?

So I, I, guess I’d have two responses to that the first is, the quote you read and I don’t even know which book that was from by the way but inside every alienated child is a child who feels rejected, okay, cool all right I don’t keep track of everything but I, absolutely believe that. Yeah, yeah. It made sense when I read it, yeah. But it is important for the targeted parent, to understand their experience, if you’re a targeted parent your experience is that you are chasing your child, okay, you want more, and your child is rejecting you. But that’s not the child’s experience. The child’s experience is you have fundamentally hurt them in some profound way that they are reacting to.

So the reason that insight’s important is because it could help parents feel more empathic towards their child. Yeah, actually as soon as you said that I felt oh, because I, yeah, when you were describing, it, you know the whole you know scenario earlier on, I was thinking oh my gosh that would be so painful, so painful, so painful, so hurtful, how do how would I manage that? And then when you said that this time I just thought oh, yes I am chasing my child I am trying to I don’t know if it’s reattach, reconnect um, parent them, basically.

But the child’s experience is that you’re rejecting them, so you if you can try to put yourself in the child’s shoes, and feel that empathy, for the child it definitely brings down, the hurt and the anger that you feel. Could you say that to your child, could you say “I think you’re treating me like this because you probably feel like I rejected you some way?” I’m not sure I would put that quite like that but I could say, you know, you, you, know “your behaviour showing me that you’re really not happy with me right now, that you’re pretty, upset, you’re, it seems like you’re hurt and angry and I’d like to understand what that’s about.” Yeah. Rather than “how dare you treat me that way.” Yeah, right. The emphasis is on the compassion for the child. But, I don’t recommend somebody having that conversation without getting, it doesn’t have to be me, but some coaching so they know what to do next.

That’s like opening the door but what do you do when your kid says “yeah you beat me when I was a baby” and the targeted parents says “I did not, who told you that?” Now you you’ve sort of just made another parenting error in my, in my opinion. Yeah. So yeah, yes, you can, you can try to have a conversation with your child about how they’re feeling, but you have to, you have to know how to do that, or else you’re just going to end up in an argument with them. “You did too steal my college money”, “I did not, look on this piece of paper it proves I didn’t – the money’s in the bank” and the kid says “I don’t care what’s on that piece of paper.” You know, “I was told that you stole the money and I believe that” so, it’s, at every step whether it’s the opening “hey I think you’re upset” all the way through. It’s not intuitive, it’s not obvious, some of it’s counter intuitive um, actually the opposite of what you think the, the right thing to do would be you actually need to do, something very different. Yeah. And that’s not to keep plugging my book but that’s really what ‘Parenting Under Fire’ is about. Okay. It’s like most people are okay, if not pretty good, if not even better, than pretty good parents but you, if you’re parenting under fire right, if you’re being attacked, your relationship is being attacked, you need a whole other level of parenting skills. Yeah.

Why do parents alienate their children?

Why do parents alienate? I know you said that sometimes they’re not even, you know aware that they’re doing it but, I’m thinking of all the parents that I’ve worked with and the ones that I’m currently working with, what is it about them, that they feel “I need to tell my child what he did”, I need to, you know, it’s almost like some of them say “I tell my child everything because they need to know everything that happen and what a bad person she is or he is” and so, what is it about that parent that gets them to…

So, I can tell you from the research I’ve done interviewing adults who have lived through this what they say about the parent who did this to them, um, there is no one like typical alienating parent right I mean sometimes they do it because, their whole life is the child and they just don’t want to go from being a full-time parent to a part-time parent. You know, especially for parents who invest a lot of time you know a stay-at-home parent whether it’s the mom or dad both parents do this, but if you are the parent who’s sort of really, really, really, really, invested all this time and you’re used to being with your child all this time, it’s very painful, to then go to, let’s say you know 50/50 or whatever the schedule is, so some people just want their kids, you know that some people are angry, and they feel like you know well “if you don’t want me then you’re rejecting us” because they sort of conflate, you know, the end of the marriage with, you know rejection of the of themselves plus their kids and some people even say “oh daddy doesn’t love us anymore” or “if mommy really loved us she wouldn’t have moved out.” So they’re encouraging the kids to conflate.

There’s just so many, different scenarios you know a, another typical scenario is the parent who gets remarried, and really has this fantasy that their new spouse is “the real parent” and um, have, they have this idea that this is the “real true family” and they really like the other parent is like an, you know an inconvenience, in a way because it for some fantasy bubble about what about, about their family life.

Yeah that’s actually a really good one because I’ve, I’ve experienced that as well with, most of the clients I’ve worked with are dads and where I remember there was actually one mom, who remarried and, you know she actively wanted the dad out of the picture um, and she called me trying to get in, not just trying, to get information around my work but at some point I had to say “I’m not really sure what you’re looking for” um, you know and then she said “well actually to be honest I am the wife, ex-wife of so and so and I just want to know did he attend the classes, did he do this” and I thought wow this was really, another way of going around to say he’s a bad person, he’s a bad dad, um, very active.

And I think something else that I just thought about was just knowing that parental alienation is not, confined to one group of people, so we know it’s not just men, it’s not just women um, we know, it can be the, CEO of a big company, it can be the mother who or the father who’s on benefits with nothing else, so it does, there’s no, same sex couples, it happens in same sex, couples, yeah, it can happen anytime. And sometimes in a weird sense of way it can also happen in intact homes where they’re living together, so it’s not just in, in divorce, um, sometimes people end a marriage because they’re like, you know, I need time alone with my kid and I can never have time alone because the other parents always there undermining me. Sometimes people stay married because they’re like “oh my God if I lived in another home I’d probably never see my kids.” Yeah. So it definitely happens in intact families. Yeah, yeah.

I feel like walking away from my child, how do I create that bond?

So I can see we’ve got like 10 minutes left and I, I want to um ask one question you’ve touched it but I’m sitting and I’m thinking about the parents who might be listening to this or watching this and um, “I’m the alienated parent and I’m like Dr Baker what do I do from here? He just doesn’t want to come to my house anymore, calls me all these names I love him, but I feel like walking away tell me how I can recreate that bond.”

I understand the impulse to walk away and I understand that many targeted parents have people whispering or, whispering in their ears especially their parents who love them most of all, and they’re like “well you know teach him a lesson”, you know I’m just going to use a male child you know, “he needs to learn that he can’t talk to you that way” and um, you know he’ll only, “he’ll come around eventually” you know. I think that it’s very hard to be a, to love somebody who is a targeted parent and see that that child is breaking that parent’s heart and so there’s a lot of, pressure I think sometimes on targeted parents to walk away.

And even therapists sometimes or, you know might tell you know, if you’re a therapist and you have a targeted parent client you want to protect your, client who’s suffering and you might say “maybe you need to step away, write a goodbye letter, take a break.” The problem that I have with all of that, is, I don’t actually think the targeted parent feels better for having done that, and it reinforces for the child that the parent doesn’t care. So, the question I would say that a targeted parent can ask themselves is, what can I do in this moment to counter the lie. The lie is that you’re unsafe, unloving, and unavailable. And it might mean full out, you know trial that you prepare a year for and spend $100,000 on with the top-notch lawyer and you’re totally you’re basically like a paralegal by the time it’s over because you’ve decided, given your circumstances and your energy level that that’s where you’re going to go, you know, guns blazing trying to win a proper solution in court.

For other people given the age of their child, their own, you know financial, and emotional, and energy level situation, it might mean sending a text every day to the child. Yeah, yeah. You have to match the solution to the circumstance, you know if you have a five-year-old who’s refusing to come, and you have money, you some resources, I would not say give up. It’s way too early, the courts are much more likely to want to be helpful with a younger child, and, at least you should know your options. If your kid is 17 and you don’t have money or you’re battling a medical illness yourself, or some, you’re taking care of a dying parent or there’s, whatever you know, just tremendous other stressor in your life, you’re probably not going to go to court it doesn’t make sense. So to me it’s not binary give up, not give up. It’s today, what is my plan, what do I have the time, money, energy for what do I think make sense.

Sadly, many people do not get enough support from their lawyer. Lawyers are very reactive, “oh that parent showed up on your time we’ll do X”, “oh that parent did this bad thing, we’ll do Y.” What I try to do with my clients is here’s five things you could ask for of the court, let’s look at the pros and cons of each of them, and see what makes sense, if any, and then I usually say “did your attorney do this with you?” “No.” It just makes me upset. Now, if the child’s over 18 obviously court, is, off the table, and then the question is how can you, communicate with your child? You know um, either by text or, um, and that’s like the second section of my book ‘Parenting Under Fire’ is all about texting. Why, how, what to do, what to do when your kid responds this way that way, and then the final third of the book is how to write a letter, to an adult alienated child it’s very specific philosophy, it’s probably different than other letters other people have written.

Um, so I think generally there are things to do. Short of devoting your life to trying to maintain your relationship with your child, there’s still things you can do, so you have the satisfaction of knowing you tried, so your child knows that you tried, you can think about it as like you’re leaving a trail of breadcrumbs so they can find their way back to you when they’re ready. Um, I rarely think there’s a, a time when you would say “I’m done.” Whether it’s with a provocative 12 year old, or, you know, 15y old, or 25 year old, I, I rarely recommend that’s it wipe your hands of that person they’re, yeah, better off without them. That’s my, kind of long-winded answer to that.

What must I not do as the affected parent?

Yeah and, and, what should, what shouldn’t I do in terms of um, so my 5-year-old doesn’t want to come, what must, I must, what must I not do? You don’t negotiate with the child, if the child says you know, at whatever age, “I’ll come Thursday if you let me leave Friday.” Let’s say the kid’s supposed to be there Thursday, Friday, Saturday, you never negotiate with the child because then you can’t hold the other parent accountable, right, your legal contract, your parenting plan is with the other parent not with the child, even if the child is 17, the answer is Mom and Dad work on the schedule. So you don’t have to be rude to your child, “you’re just a child, you’re an idiot, you don’t know anything”, you know, but you just don’t negotiate with the child. You always show up for your parenting time, even if the child says “don’t bother showing up Saturday morning, I’m not going to be there”, “well it’s my time to pick you up, I’m gonna be there” and then you document it if the, if you know you don’t get your child, when you’re supposed to, you show up, then you send an email, you know “I was there” and I, you know “nobody seemed to be home” I say you wait 20 minutes you don’t just “oh they’re not there” and you leave, and then you leave.

There was another last um, quote that I had here, where you said “as a co-parent with a toxic ex, you don’t have the luxury of being a mediocre parent, um you need to spend time engaging in meaningful interactions with your child, you need to invest yourself, your time your attention, in the relationship, to cultivate a deep and abiding bond that will be less susceptible to your ex’s interference and attempts to undermine your authority. So really just covering what you said at, some point during the interview, where you said, “you’re chasing after your child”, “you’re looking for your child”, “you’re parenting your child” and “doing whatever it is that you can with your time, at that moment, with your child” um, just making the plans and going, and keep going with them.

The one tweak I would add to that is I don’t actually believe that we should be labelling anybody as toxic I, I did not want to name book that, I know a lot of people like that, but you know that if, let’s say you’re a mom and you’re a target, you believe you’re a targeted parent and you’re reading the book and the kid sees it they’re going to be like, “oh so you think Dad’s toxic?” Like I just don’t think it helps, I, I don’t believe in calling you know children rude, or disrespectful, or calling the other parent, you know narcissist, or toxic, or abusive, is of used now. Yeah narcissist, has become like it’s got its part in the limelight now, so you change the title of your, okay.

You know the publisher really insisted and it’s a very popular book you know I, I stand by the book, I just don’t love the title. It’s a great book, it’s a great book, and just the last chapter where actually chapter, the final section that says final words so I’m just thinking anybody who gets this book, the last section what I liked about this part um, where you say “we encourage you to ponder these questions to find your own truth” and you have all these questions here, um, that when I looked at them I’m thinking to myself this actually makes the parent to be reflective, of what is going on. So you check yourself, as opposed to reacting to, what’s in front of you but how is this, how can I remember that my child is a victim, when she’s treat treating me so badly and causing me so much pain and suffering. You know it’s not them, and if you keep that in mind then you’re like okay, you know this is, not, the way it was supposed to turn out you know. How can I cultivate compassion in both myself and my child, so really getting the parents to look, inwardly um, at themselves as well um, as the situation that presents in front of them.

I had so many questions, and this is such a big topic and um, I’m glad that we’re talking about it, I’m glad it’s being spoken about more, and more, and more, and more, because it does happen, it does exist, it’s painful, it’s disturbing um, there are no winners in the game, you know, short term or long term, and um, I want to say thank you so much. Thank you so much, and um, who you know those who are listening. Amy has got so many books on her website I went there and I saw you’ve got your 10 books, you’ve got your papers there, please visit the website and I’ll tell you what it is in a minute amyjlbaker.com. Everything is on there and the coaching program is on there as well. Thank you Amy, you’re so welcome great conversation, thank you so much.

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About Dr Amy J.L. Baker

Dr. Baker is a nationally recognised expert in parental alienation, and parent-child relationships, especially children of divorce, and emotional abuse of children.

She has a Ph.D. in developmental psychology from Teachers College of Columbia University. She is the author or co-author of 10 books and over 120 academic articles on topics related to children’s wellbeing.